Häberle Anne, Schütz-Bosbach Simone, Laboissière Rafael, Prinz Wolfgang
Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Munich, Germany.
Soc Neurosci. 2008;3(1):26-36. doi: 10.1080/17470910701482205.
Ideomotor movements may arise in observers while they watch other people's actions. Previous studies have shown that ideomotor movements are guided by both perceptual and intentional characteristics of the actions being observed (perceptual induction and intentional induction, respectively; cf. Knuf, Aschersleben, & Prinz, 2001; de Maeght & Prinz, 2004). In the present study we explore the functional basis of intentional induction. More specifically we raise the issue of whose intentions count for intentional induction: observers' own intentions or observees' (implied) intentions? We studied ideomotor movements in a cooperative and a competitive task setting. In the cooperative setting observers' and observees' intentions were identical, but in the competitive setting they were different. Results indicate that ideomotor movements are guided by the observers' own intentions, not the observees' implied intentions. Our findings suggest that, though observers understand the intentions of others, their ideomotor movements are guided by their own intentions, expressing what they themselves wish to see the other is doing.
当观察者观看他人的动作时，可能会出现观念运动。先前的研究表明，观念运动受所观察动作的感知特征和意图特征的引导（分别为感知诱导和意图诱导；参见克努夫、阿舍斯莱本和普林茨，2001年；德梅赫特和普林茨，2004年）。在本研究中，我们探讨意图诱导的功能基础。更具体地说，我们提出了一个问题：对于意图诱导而言，谁的意图才是重要的：观察者自己的意图还是被观察者（隐含的）意图？我们在合作和竞争两种任务情境中研究了观念运动。在合作情境中，观察者和被观察者的意图是相同的，但在竞争情境中，它们是不同的。结果表明，观念运动是由观察者自己的意图引导的，而不是被观察者的隐含意图。我们的研究结果表明，尽管观察者理解他人的意图，但他们的观念运动是由自己的意图引导的，表达了他们自己希望看到对方正在做的事情。
