Van Duynslaeger Marijke, Sterken Caroline, Van Overwalle Frank, Verstraeten Edwin
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Soc Neurosci. 2008;3(2):164-77. doi: 10.1080/17470910801907226.
Can event-related electro-encephalogram (EEG) responses provide support for the occurrence of spontaneous trait inferences (STI)? Participants read sentences describing the behavior of a target person from which a strong trait could be inferred. The last word of each sentence determined the consistency with the trait induced during an introductory paragraph. In comparison with sentences that were consistent with the implied trait, when the sentences were inconsistent, an event-related P300 waveform was observed at parietal scalp regions (Pz). This dependency on behavioral consistency indicates that trait inferences were made spontaneously. Memory measures taken after the presentation of the stimulus material involved sentence completion and trait-cued recall, and also supported the occurrence of spontaneously inferred traits associated with the actor. Interestingly, increased memory for consistent relative to inconsistent behaviors at the trait-cued recall task was significantly correlated with the P300, which supports this latter measure as a valid neural correlate of spontaneous trait inferences.
与事件相关的脑电图（EEG）反应能否为自发特质推理（STI）的发生提供支持？参与者阅读描述目标人物行为的句子，从中可以推断出强烈的特质。每个句子的最后一个单词决定了与引言段落中诱导出的特质的一致性。与与隐含特质一致的句子相比，当句子不一致时，在顶叶头皮区域（Pz）观察到与事件相关的P300波形。这种对行为一致性的依赖表明特质推理是自发进行的。在呈现刺激材料后进行的记忆测量包括句子完成和特质线索回忆，也支持了与行为者相关的自发推断特质的发生。有趣的是，在特质线索回忆任务中，相对于不一致行为，对一致行为的记忆增加与P300显著相关，这支持了后一种测量方法作为自发特质推理的有效神经关联指标。
