Ladin Keren
Harvard School of Public Health; Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA), Universität Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany.
J Aging Health. 2008 Sep;20(6):653-70. doi: 10.1177/0898264308321002. Epub 2008 Jul 17.
Assess influence of education and noneducation-based measures of socioeconomic status on depression, illuminating the cumulative and income-adjusted effects cross-nationally.
Cross-sectional study of 22,777 men and women (50 to 104 years) from 10 European countries. Individual-level data were collected from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).
Educational attainment was a strong predictor of late-life depression across all countries. Depression rates ranged from 18.10% in Denmark to 36.84% in Spain, reflecting a North- South gradient. Odds of depression were approximately twice as high among adults with less than a high school education compared with those of greater educational background (p < .001). Inverse association between educational attainment and depression remained significant independent of all other sociodemographic variables.
Socioeconomic disparities in depression persist throughout later life. Variation in impact of education on depression cross-nationally illuminates need for future research into the protective effects of early-life education.
评估基于教育和非教育的社会经济地位衡量指标对抑郁症的影响，阐明其在跨国层面的累积效应和收入调整效应。
对来自10个欧洲国家的22777名年龄在50至104岁之间的男性和女性进行横断面研究。个体层面的数据来自欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE）。
在所有国家，受教育程度都是晚年抑郁症的有力预测指标。抑郁症患病率从丹麦的18.10%到西班牙的36.84%不等，呈现出从北到南逐渐升高的梯度。与具有较高教育背景的成年人相比，受教育程度低于高中的成年人患抑郁症的几率大约高出两倍（p < 0.001）。受教育程度与抑郁症之间的负相关关系在独立于所有其他社会人口统计学变量的情况下仍然显著。
抑郁症的社会经济差异在整个晚年持续存在。教育对抑郁症影响的跨国差异表明，未来需要对早期教育的保护作用进行研究。
