Simultaneous detection of different respiratory virus by a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with flow-through reverse dot blotting assay.

Cell culture and immunofluorescence (IF) assays have been traditionally used for the laboratory diagnosis of respiratory viral infections, but these assays have a low sensitivity and are time consuming. We developed a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with flow-through reverse dot blotting (mRT-PCR-FT-RDB) assay for the simultaneous detection of influenza virus type A including H5 subtype and H9 subtype, influenza virus type B, parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, and human coxsackievirus. In comparison with viral culture and IF assay as the gold standard method, the mRT-PCR-FT-RDB assay gave a sensitivity and a specificity of 100% and 98%. The high sensitivity and specificity, the rapid result turnaround time, and the reduced expense of the mRT-PCR-FT-RDB assay compared with viral culture and IF assay suggest that this assay would be a significant improvement over traditional ones for the detection of respiratory viruses in a clinical laboratory.