Lupi R, Del Prato S
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pise, Italy.
Diabetes Metab. 2008 Feb;34 Suppl 2:S56-64. doi: 10.1016/S1262-3636(08)73396-2.
Type 2 diabetes, the most common form of diabetes in humans, is characterized by impaired insulin secretion paralleled by a progressive decline in beta-cell function and chronic insulin resistance. Several authors have showed that in type 2 diabetes there is a reduction of islet and/or insulin-containing cell mass or volume. Regulation of the beta-cell mass appears to involve a balance of beta-cell replication and apoptosis but, at the molecular level, pancreatic beta-cell loss by apoptosis appears to play an important role in the development of insulin deficiency and the onset and/or progression of the disease. The mechanisms favoring apoptosis in type 2 diabetic pancreatic islets and new potential therapeutic approaches to prevent beta-cell death and maintain beta-cell mass are discussed.
2型糖尿病是人类最常见的糖尿病类型，其特征是胰岛素分泌受损，同时伴有β细胞功能的逐渐衰退和慢性胰岛素抵抗。几位作者已经表明，在2型糖尿病中，胰岛和/或含胰岛素细胞的数量或体积会减少。β细胞数量的调节似乎涉及β细胞复制和凋亡的平衡，但在分子水平上，凋亡导致的胰腺β细胞损失似乎在胰岛素缺乏的发展以及该疾病的发生和/或进展中起重要作用。本文讨论了2型糖尿病胰腺胰岛中促进凋亡的机制以及预防β细胞死亡和维持β细胞数量的新的潜在治疗方法。
