Alasiri Saleh A, Case Allison M
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2008 Jul;30(7):590-597. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)32893-6.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious, albeit rare, complication of fertility treatment. In its severe form, it may be life-threatening. Increased vascular permeability with hemoconcentration is the hallmark of the syndrome. Vascular thromboembolism is a significant potential complication.
A previously healthy 26-year-old nulligravid woman developed severe OHSS following an in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment cycle. She required hospitalization for treatment comprising IV fluid replacement, albumin infusion, paracentesis, and prophylactic heparin. She presented two days after discharge from hospital with left arm edema and neck pain. Subclavian and internal jugular vein thrombosis was diagnosed.
OHSS is a serious complication of treatment for ovulation induction and is a significant risk factor for vascular thrombosis. Patients remain at risk even if given prophylactic heparin. The clinical presentation of OHSS may be unusual and late, indicating the importance of vigilance on the part of all physicians caring for patients who have undergone fertility treatment.
卵巢过度刺激综合征（OHSS）是一种严重但罕见的辅助生殖治疗并发症。严重时可能危及生命。血管通透性增加伴血液浓缩是该综合征的标志。血管血栓栓塞是一种重要的潜在并发症。
一名26岁、既往健康的未孕女性在体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射（IVF/ICSI）治疗周期后发生严重OHSS。她因需要静脉补液、输注白蛋白、腹腔穿刺及预防性使用肝素治疗而住院。出院两天后，她出现左臂水肿和颈部疼痛，诊断为锁骨下静脉和颈内静脉血栓形成。
OHSS是诱导排卵治疗的严重并发症，是血管血栓形成的重要危险因素。即使给予预防性肝素治疗，患者仍有风险。OHSS的临床表现可能不典型且出现较晚，这表明所有照料接受过辅助生殖治疗患者的医生保持警惕很重要。
