Kolaitis Gerasimos
Department of Child Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008 Sep;21(5):469-73. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283060a7b.
This review focuses on the risk factors for increased mental health problems, and the types of psychopathology and their therapeutic management, in young people with intellectual disabilities.
Recent studies indicate that this population presents significantly more emotional and behavioural problems than their peers without intellectual disabilities. These problems are not adequately detected and treated by mental health professionals; the children's families are overburdened, psychosocially and economically disadvantaged and in need of specialist support and counselling.
The mental health needs of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities are multiple, complex, persistent and costly, and for various reasons they are not adequately met. Prevention of mental health problems or early recognition through better screening followed by appropriate treatment are essential, in order to ensure better psychosocial adaptation of young people with intellectual disabilities. Inequalities in the provision of services must be addressed, and families helped through support and counselling, along with psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for the children, as appropriate.
本综述聚焦于智力残疾青少年心理健康问题增加的风险因素、精神病理学类型及其治疗管理。
近期研究表明，相较于无智力残疾的同龄人，该群体存在明显更多的情绪和行为问题。心理健康专业人员对这些问题的检测和治疗并不充分；儿童家庭负担过重，在心理社会和经济方面处于不利地位，需要专业支持和咨询。
智力残疾儿童和青少年的心理健康需求多样、复杂、持续且成本高昂，由于各种原因，这些需求未得到充分满足。预防心理健康问题或通过更好的筛查进行早期识别，随后进行适当治疗至关重要，以确保智力残疾青少年能更好地进行心理社会适应。必须解决服务提供方面的不平等问题，并通过支持和咨询帮助家庭，同时酌情对儿童进行心理治疗和心理药物干预。
