Kwaśniewska Magdalena, Kaleta Dorota, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta, Drygas Wojciech, Makowiec-Dabrowska Teresa
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lódź, Plac Hallera 1, 90-647 Łódź, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2007;20(4):349-56. doi: 10.2478/v10001-007-0033-1.
The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of selected lifestyle factors on self-rated health status in working age population.
The study population derived from the national Polish representative WOBASZ study. The sample consisted of 1222 randomly selected residents of two Polish districts, aged 20-64 years (52.3% women and 47.7% men). We analyzed four health-related behaviors as lifestyle factors that made up the lifestyle index: non-smoking, adequate fruit and vegetable intake, healthy weight, and sufficient physical activity. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to investigate the impact of lifestyle on self-rated health.
The findings revealed that 4.2, 17.6, 37 and 35.2% of women and 6.4, 19.9, 36.5 and 34.1% of men had the lifestyle index score of 0, 1, 2, 3 points, respectively. Only 6.1% of women and 3.1% of men met all the four criteria of a healthy lifestyle (score 4). Self-rated health was regarded as poor/fair, good or very good by 39.1, 54.3, 6.6% of women and 31.6, 60.7, 7.7% of men, respectively. Poor/fair self-rated health was strongly associated with obesity both in the male and female population. Among men with the lifestyle index score of 0 points, the risk of poor/fair self-rated health was 3.5 times as high (OR = 3.52; 95% CI: 1.36-9.12) as in men with the index score of 4. For women with the scores of 3, 2, 1, and 0, the risk of poor/fair self-rated health was nearly three (OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.5-5.56), four (OR = 3.61; 95% CI: 1.88-6.93), six (OR = 5.93; 95% CI: 2.88-12.21) and seven times (OR = 6.67; 95% CI: 1.97-22.51) as high as for those with the lifestyle index score of 4.
There is a need for implementing more effective health promotion interventions in the society, with special regard to weight reduction programs.
本研究旨在分析特定生活方式因素对工作年龄人群自我评估健康状况的影响。
研究人群来自具有全国代表性的波兰WOBASZ研究。样本由波兰两个地区随机选取的1222名居民组成，年龄在20 - 64岁之间（女性占52.3%，男性占47.7%）。我们分析了四种与健康相关的行为作为构成生活方式指数的生活方式因素：不吸烟、充足的水果和蔬菜摄入量、健康体重以及充足的体育活动。采用逻辑回归来估计比值比和95%置信区间，以研究生活方式对自我评估健康的影响。
研究结果显示，分别有4.2%、17.6%、37%和35.2%的女性以及6.4%、19.9%、36.5%和34.1%的男性生活方式指数得分分别为0、1、2、3分。只有6.1%的女性和3.1%的男性符合健康生活方式的所有四项标准（得分4分）。分别有39.1%、54.3%、6.6%的女性和31.6%、60.7%、7.7%的男性将自我评估健康状况视为差/一般、良好或非常好。在男性和女性人群中，自我评估健康状况差/一般均与肥胖密切相关。在生活方式指数得分为0分的男性中，自我评估健康状况差/一般的风险是指数得分为4分男性的3.5倍（比值比 = 3.52；95%置信区间：1.36 - 9.12）。对于生活方式指数得分分别为3、2、1和0分的女性，自我评估健康状况差/一般的风险分别是得分4分女性的近三倍（比值比 = 2.89；95%置信区间：1.5 - 5.56）、四倍（比值比 = 3.61；95%置信区间：1.88 - 6.93）、六倍（比值比 = 5.93；95%置信区间：2.88 - 12.21）和七倍（比值比 = 6.67；95%置信区间：1.97 - 22.51）。
有必要在社会中实施更有效的健康促进干预措施，尤其要重视体重减轻计划。
