Benight Charles C, Cieslak Roman, Molton Ivan R, Johnson Lesley E
Department of Psychology and Trauma, Health, and Hazards Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, CO 80918-7150, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008 Aug;76(4):677-85. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.4.677.
This study tested the importance of coping self-efficacy (CSE) perceptions and change in perceptions of CSE for recovery from motor vehicle accident (MVA) trauma. Data were collected 7 days following the accident (Time 1; n = 163), 1 month after the accident (Time 2; n = 91), and 3 months after the accident (Time 3; n = 70). Early changes in CSE (i.e., from Time 1 to Time 2) predicted posttraumatic distress at 3 months after MVA trauma, even after controlling for Time 1 or Time 2 posttraumatic distress and other trauma-related variables (i.e., accident responsibility, litigation involvement, and peritraumatic dissociation). Early changes in CSE perceptions, however, neither moderated nor mediated the effects of early posttraumatic distress (Time 1) on 3-month posttraumatic distress. Time 2 CSE levels, however, did mediate the relationship between acute posttraumatic distress (Time 1) and 3-month posttraumatic distress (Time 3). These findings highlight the importance of early interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy after MVA trauma.
本研究检验了应对自我效能感（CSE）认知以及CSE认知变化对于机动车事故（MVA）创伤恢复的重要性。在事故发生7天后（时间1；n = 163）、事故发生1个月后（时间2；n = 91）以及事故发生3个月后（时间3；n = 70）收集数据。CSE的早期变化（即从时间1到时间2）预测了MVA创伤后3个月的创伤后应激，即使在控制了时间1或时间2的创伤后应激以及其他创伤相关变量（即事故责任、诉讼参与情况和创伤时解离）之后也是如此。然而，CSE认知的早期变化既没有调节也没有介导早期创伤后应激（时间1）对3个月创伤后应激的影响。不过，时间2的CSE水平确实介导了急性创伤后应激（时间1）与3个月创伤后应激（时间3）之间的关系。这些发现凸显了在MVA创伤后进行旨在增强自我效能感的早期干预的重要性。
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