Sun Xiao-chuan, Jiang Yong
Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Chin J Traumatol. 2008 Aug;11(4):247-52. doi: 10.1016/s1008-1275(08)60051-6.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an injury caused by a blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain. It is a common emergency and severe case in neurosurgery field. Nowadays, there are more and more evidences showing that TBI, which is apparently similar in pathology and severity in the acute stage, may have different outcomes. The known prognostic factors (such as age, severity of injury and treatments, etc.) explain only part of this variability and the concept of genetic susceptibility of traumatic brain injury has already been accepted by more and more people. It is now demonstrated that genetic polymorphism may play a key role in the susceptibility to TBI, even outcome following TBI. Although there are many genes that may involved in pathophysiological processes influencing TBI, apolipoprotein E gene has become one of the most extensive studied genes in neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disease and seems to take an important part in the neural responses to TBI. In this article, we will review the current understanding of the genetic susceptibility of TBI and the advancements regarding the impact of apolipoprotein E genotype on the severity and/or outcome following TBI.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）被定义为因头部受到撞击或震动或穿透性头部损伤导致的脑部正常功能中断所引起的损伤。它是神经外科领域常见的急症和重症。如今，越来越多的证据表明，TBI在急性期病理和严重程度明显相似，但可能有不同的预后。已知的预后因素（如年龄、损伤严重程度和治疗等）仅能解释这种变异性的一部分，创伤性脑损伤的遗传易感性概念已被越来越多的人所接受。现已证明，基因多态性可能在TBI易感性甚至TBI后的预后中起关键作用。尽管有许多基因可能参与影响TBI的病理生理过程，但载脂蛋白E基因已成为神经创伤和神经退行性疾病中研究最广泛的基因之一，似乎在TBI的神经反应中起重要作用。在本文中，我们将综述目前对TBI遗传易感性的认识以及载脂蛋白E基因型对TBI严重程度和/或预后影响的研究进展。
