Chernova O F
Zh Obshch Biol. 2008 Mar-Apr;69(2):130-51.
Overview of modern data on morphology of the skin derivatives in the higher vertebrates is given. Analysis of convergent similarities between the hair and feathers themselves as well as between their follicles makes it possible to forward a "generative" concept of the evolutionary origin of various ecto-mesodermal derivatives, such as keratinized dermal appendages (scales, feathers, hair). This concept appeared as a result of the author's studies on the skin derivatives, as well as of the data on molecular biology and the tissue engineering showing similar mechanisms of morphogenesis of the dermal appendages. Recurrently published ideas on various heterochronies in generations of the skin derivatives both in the onto- and the phylogeneses are also taken into acount. Various dermal appendages have appeared in the evolution of the higher vertebrates as independent generations of the ecto- and mesodermal tissues. Their parallel origin was caused by similar changes in the metabolism and molecular regulation of morphogenesis.
本文给出了关于高等脊椎动物皮肤衍生物形态学的现代数据概述。对毛发和羽毛本身以及它们的毛囊之间趋同相似性的分析，使得我们能够提出一个关于各种外胚层 - 中胚层衍生物（如角质化皮肤附属器：鳞片、羽毛、毛发）进化起源的“生成性”概念。这个概念是作者对皮肤衍生物的研究成果，以及分子生物学和组织工程数据显示皮肤附属器形态发生机制相似的结果。同时也考虑了在个体发育和系统发育过程中，关于皮肤衍生物世代中各种异时性的反复发表的观点。在高等脊椎动物的进化过程中，各种皮肤附属器作为外胚层和中胚层组织的独立世代出现。它们的平行起源是由形态发生过程中代谢和分子调控的相似变化引起的。
