Barton Sheila J, Whittaker John C
University of Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Mailpoint 805, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton Hants SO16 6YD, UK.
Mass Spectrom Rev. 2009 Jan-Feb;28(1):177-87. doi: 10.1002/mas.20188.
Proteomic technologies are important because they link genes, proteins and disease. The identification of proteins and peptides has been revolutionized in the last decade by the use of mass spectrometry. This method is highly sensitive and much faster than the chemical reactions used previously because it can fragment peptides in seconds rather than in hours or days. Proteins are digested with an enzyme, usually trypsin, and the resulting peptides are fragmented in a tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS). The masses of the fragment ions formed in the MS/MS can be used to identify the sequence of amino acids in the peptides. However, a number of different factors have been found to influence the amount of the various types of fragment ion formed. In this article, we review these factors and their interrelation together with the statistical methods used to discover them. Information on the number of fragment ions formed is at present underused in peptide identification algorithms, and fully utilizing this information could improve current algorithms.
蛋白质组学技术非常重要，因为它们将基因、蛋白质和疾病联系起来。在过去十年中，质谱技术的应用彻底改变了蛋白质和肽段的鉴定方法。这种方法高度灵敏，比以前使用的化学反应快得多，因为它能在几秒钟内使肽段碎片化，而不是几小时或几天。蛋白质用一种酶（通常是胰蛋白酶）消化，产生的肽段在串联质谱仪（MS/MS）中碎片化。MS/MS中形成的碎片离子的质量可用于鉴定肽段中的氨基酸序列。然而，已发现许多不同因素会影响各种类型碎片离子的形成量。在本文中，我们将综述这些因素及其相互关系，以及用于发现它们的统计方法。目前，关于形成的碎片离子数量的信息在肽段鉴定算法中未得到充分利用，充分利用这些信息可以改进当前的算法。
