Theytaz Georges-André, Kiliaridis Stavros
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, 19 rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Sep;35(9):825-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01297.x. Epub 2008 Aug 1.
Information about long-term changes of the shape of the gingival margin is missing.
To monitor 8 year changes of the gingival contour occurring in adolescents and adults and relate these changes to dentofacial growth.
Forty adolescents (mean age 16.3), and 14 adults (mean age 29.7) were included in the study with photographs, radiographs and casts taken 2 and 10 years after orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour of upper central incisors and the midline passing through the contact surface of both teeth were traced digitally using calibrated photographs. Changes were measured on seven standardized lines of the gingival contour. Lower facial height changes and tooth eruption were measured using lateral cephalograms.
Adolescents and adults showed a central mean apical displacement of the gingival margin of 0.51 mm (SD 0.4 mm) and 0.13 mm (SD 0.17 mm), respectively. This displacement decreased by moving away from the centre. The gingival displacement was associated to the individual's lower facial height augmentation, r=0.63 (p<0.001).
Apical displacement of the gingival contour of the upper central incisors takes place during adolescence following a semi-lunar shape. Growth explains parts of these changes.
目前尚缺乏关于龈缘形态长期变化的信息。
监测青少年和成年人龈缘轮廓8年的变化情况，并将这些变化与牙颌面生长相关联。
本研究纳入了40名青少年（平均年龄16.3岁）和14名成年人（平均年龄29.7岁），在正畸治疗后2年和10年拍摄照片、X线片并制取模型。使用校准后的照片对上前牙中切牙的龈缘轮廓及穿过两颗牙齿接触面的中线进行数字化描绘。在龈缘轮廓的七条标准化线上测量变化情况。使用头颅侧位片测量面下高度变化和牙齿萌出情况。
青少年和成年人龈缘中央平均根尖位移分别为0.51 mm（标准差0.4 mm）和0.13 mm（标准差0.17 mm）。这种位移从中心向外逐渐减小。龈缘位移与个体面下高度增加相关，r = 0.63（p < 0.001）。
青春期期间，上前牙中切牙的龈缘轮廓呈半月形发生根尖位移。生长解释了这些变化的部分原因。
