Shai Ruty Mehrian, Reichardt Juergen K V, Chen Thomas C
USC Keck School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Future Oncol. 2008 Aug;4(4):525-34. doi: 10.2217/14796694.4.4.525.
The pharmacogenetics of cancer treatment has been aimed at identifying genetic components of interindividual variability in patients' response to cancer chemotherapy and toxicity. This, in turn, will establish an individually based treatment, and also elucidate the molecular basis of the treatment regimen for further improvements. Brain cancer is an instructive example for the potential contributions of pharmacogenomics to improved treatment in the 21st century. Patients with oligodendrogliomas have benefited from phamacogenomics, as there is a clear relationship between response to chemotherapy and chromosomal profile. Drug efficacy, safety and response could be improved by using pharmacogenomics to identify genetic markers that differentiate responder from nonresponder patient groups, as well as identifying patients likely to develop adverse drug reactions. This review will focus on how pharmacogenomics by microarray studies may lead to much more accurate tumor classification, drug and biomarker discovery, and drug efficacy testing. We will discuss relevant scientific advances in pharmacogenetics for more personalized chemotherapy.
癌症治疗的药物遗传学旨在确定患者对癌症化疗反应和毒性个体差异的遗传成分。这反过来将建立基于个体的治疗方法，并阐明治疗方案的分子基础以进一步改进。脑癌是药物基因组学对21世纪改善治疗潜在贡献的一个有启发性的例子。少突胶质细胞瘤患者已从药物基因组学中受益，因为化疗反应与染色体图谱之间存在明确关系。通过使用药物基因组学来识别区分反应者和无反应患者组的遗传标记，以及识别可能发生药物不良反应的患者，可以提高药物疗效、安全性和反应。本综述将重点关注通过微阵列研究的药物基因组学如何导致更准确的肿瘤分类、药物和生物标志物发现以及药物疗效测试。我们将讨论药物遗传学在更个性化化疗方面的相关科学进展。
