Oleszczuk Patryk
Laboratory of Soil Reclamation and Waste Management, Institute of Soil Science and Environmental Management, Agriculture University, ul. Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2008 Oct 1;404(1):94-102. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.06.014. Epub 2008 Aug 6.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate to what degree polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) determines sewage sludge toxicity in relation to Heterocypris incongruens. Six differing sewage sludges with increasing contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were selected for the present study. As well as total PAH content, the content of the potentially bioavailable fraction was also determined in the sewage sludges using a method of mild-solvent extraction (with n-butanol). The PAH content was also calculated in the sewage sludge pore water by the equilibrium partitioning method. The total PAH content in the sewage sludges studied were in the range 3.60 to 27.95 mg kg(-1). The contribution of the n-butanol extracted fraction was in the range 38.7 to 75.4%. In the group of individual PAHs, 4- and 5-ring compounds had the highest content in the potentially bioavailable group. H. incongruens mortality in the range 6.7 to 100%, depending both on the sewage sludge and the dose applied. An increase of the sewage sludge dose usually resulted in an increase in toxicity. At the highest dose, a 100% mortality of H. incongruens was found in half of the sludges. The lowest dose, irrespective of the sludge type, caused over 40% growth inhibition. However, the results obtained did not allow for the establishing of an unambiguous relationship between various sludge toxicity levels and the content of potentially bio-available PAHs. In some cases only, the extraction using n-butanol explained the high difference in toxicity despite a slight differentiation in the PAH content.
本研究的目的是评估多环芳烃（PAH）在多大程度上决定了与异形异足虫相关的污水污泥毒性。本研究选择了六种多环芳烃含量不断增加的不同污水污泥。除了总PAH含量外，还使用温和溶剂萃取法（用正丁醇）测定了污水污泥中潜在生物可利用部分的含量。还通过平衡分配法计算了污水污泥孔隙水中的PAH含量。所研究的污水污泥中的总PAH含量在3.60至27.95 mg kg⁻¹范围内。正丁醇萃取部分的贡献在38.7%至75.4%范围内。在单个PAH组中，4环和5环化合物在潜在生物可利用组中的含量最高。异形异足虫的死亡率在6.7%至100%之间，这取决于污水污泥和所施加的剂量。污水污泥剂量的增加通常会导致毒性增加。在最高剂量下，在一半的污泥中发现异形异足虫的死亡率为100%。最低剂量，无论污泥类型如何，都会导致超过40%的生长抑制。然而，所获得的结果无法确定各种污泥毒性水平与潜在生物可利用PAH含量之间的明确关系。仅在某些情况下，使用正丁醇萃取解释了尽管PAH含量略有差异但毒性存在很大差异的原因。
