Neath P, Roche S M, Bee J A
Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, England.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991 Aug;32(9):2483-91.
The pattern and relative rates of diametric growth of the avian eye and cornea are described throughout embryonic development. The effect of reduced intraocular pressure on eye and corneal diametric growth also was investigated. Between embryonic day 4 (E4) and 1 day posthatching, the eye undergoes two distinct phases of linear growth. The first phase (E4-10) is very rapid (1.193 mm/day). The second phase, after E10, is significantly slower (0.346 mm/day). By contrast, over the same developmental period, the cornea undergoes three distinct and sequential phases of linear growth. The second phase of corneal growth (E7-10) is the most rapid (0.429 mm/day) and separates two periods of slow growth (0.211 mm/day during E4-7 and 0.128 mm/day after E10). After the sustained release of intraocular pressure by intubation on E4, growth of both the eye and cornea is reduced significantly. Operated eyes grow at a rate of 0.356 mm/day (E4-10) and 0.155 mm/day (E10-16). Intubation reduces corneal growth to a single phase of 0.125 mm/day (E7-16). Thus, from E4-10 both the eye and cornea possess intrinsic growth potentials that are elevated significantly by intraocular pressure. After E10, the rate of growth of both the eye and the cornea is independent of intraocular pressure. Because both control and intubated eyes change their growth rate on E10, this transition also is independent of intraocular pressure. This contrasts with the cornea which, after intubation, shows no detectable variation in growth rate. Correlation of eye with corneal growth demonstrates an exponential relationship in the presence of intraocular pressure and an almost linear relationship after intubation.
本文描述了鸟类眼睛和角膜在整个胚胎发育过程中的直径生长模式及相对速率。同时还研究了眼压降低对眼睛和角膜直径生长的影响。在胚胎第4天（E4）至孵化后1天之间，眼睛经历两个不同的线性生长阶段。第一阶段（E4 - 10）生长非常迅速（1.193毫米/天）。第二阶段，在E10之后，生长明显减慢（0.346毫米/天）。相比之下，在相同的发育时期，角膜经历三个不同且连续的线性生长阶段。角膜生长的第二阶段（E7 - 10）最为迅速（0.429毫米/天），并将两个缓慢生长阶段分开（E4 - 7期间为0.211毫米/天，E10之后为0.128毫米/天）。在E4通过插管持续释放眼压后，眼睛和角膜的生长均显著降低。手术眼在E4 - 10阶段以0.356毫米/天的速率生长，在E10 - 16阶段以0.155毫米/天的速率生长。插管使角膜生长降至单一阶段，速率为0.125毫米/天（E7 - 16）。因此，从E4 - 10，眼睛和角膜都具有内在生长潜力，眼压可显著提高这种潜力。E10之后，眼睛和角膜的生长速率与眼压无关。由于对照眼和插管眼在E10都改变了生长速率，这种转变也与眼压无关。这与角膜不同，插管后角膜生长速率未显示出可检测到的变化。眼睛与角膜生长的相关性表明，在有眼压存在时呈指数关系，插管后几乎呈线性关系。
