Furr R Michael
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27106, USA.
J Pers. 2008 Oct;76(5):1267-316. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00521.x. Epub 2008 Aug 14.
Many questions in personality psychology lend themselves to the analysis of profile similarity. A profile approach to issues such as personality judgment, personality similarity, behavioral consistency, developmental stability, and person-environment fit is intuitively appealing. However, it entails conceptual and statistical challenges arising from the overlap among profile similarity and normativeness, which presents potential confounds and potential opportunities. This article describes the normativeness problem, articulating the need to evaluate profile similarity alongside normativeness and distinctiveness. It presents conceptual and psychometric foundations of a framework differentiating these elements for pairs of profiles. It derives two models from this framework, and it discusses the application of their components to a variety of research domains. Finally, it presents recommendations and implications regarding the use of these components and profile similarity more generally. This approach can reveal and manage potential confounds, and it can provide theoretical insights that might otherwise be overlooked.
人格心理学中的许多问题都适合采用剖析图相似性分析方法。对于诸如人格判断、人格相似性、行为一致性、发展稳定性以及人与环境适配性等问题，剖析图方法在直观上颇具吸引力。然而，它带来了概念和统计方面的挑战，这些挑战源于剖析图相似性与规范性之间的重叠，这既存在潜在的混淆因素，也蕴含潜在的机遇。本文描述了规范性问题，阐明了在评估剖析图相似性的同时评估规范性和独特性的必要性。它介绍了一个区分剖析图对这些要素的框架的概念和心理测量基础。它从这个框架中推导出两个模型，并讨论了其组成部分在各种研究领域的应用。最后，它提出了关于更广泛地使用这些组成部分和剖析图相似性的建议及影响。这种方法可以揭示并管理潜在的混淆因素，还能提供一些可能会被忽视的理论见解。
