Kim Son Chae, Plumb Ruth, Gredig Quynh-Nga, Rankin Larry, Taylor Barbara
School of Nursing, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2008 Sep;17(17):2335-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02317.x.
To assess the medium-term post-Katrina mental and physical health of New Orleans residents and to determine demographic, social and environmental factors that predict poor mental and physical health.
Major disasters can have a negative impact on the health of survivors for prolonged periods. Although the initial and short-term impacts of Hurricane Katrina have been well described, the medium-term impacts have not been studied as thoroughly.
Cross-sectional survey.
A convenience sample (n = 222) of residents in Gentilly area of New Orleans completed questionnaires between 16 and 18 December 2006. Multivariate logistic regression and multiple regression models were employed to determine predictors of poor mental and physical health.
Poor mental health was reported by 52% of the respondents. Pre-Katrina depression [odds ratio (OR) = 19.1], post-Katrina depression (OR = 7.2), poor physical health (OR = 5.6), feeling unsafe from crime (OR = 4.3) and female gender (OR = 2.6) were significant predictor variables of poor mental health. Twenty-four percent of the variance in number of days of poor mental health was explained by the independent variables (R(2) = 0.24; p < 0.001). Poor physical health was reported by 48% of the respondents. Poor mental health (OR = 3.9), lack of money to buy food (OR = 2.7) and pre-Katrina arthritis (OR = 2.6) were significant predictor variables of poor physical health. Twenty-three percent of the variance in number of days of poor physical health was explained by the independent variables (R(2) = 0.23; p < 0.001).
Approximately half of the New Orleans residents continue to experience poor mental and physical health 15 months after Katrina. The results support focusing post-Katrina efforts to protect residents from crime, improve mental health services to the depressed and improve food supply to the poor.
Identifying predictors of poor mental and physical health may help clinicians and policy makers to focus their efforts in ameliorating the post-disaster health sequelae.
评估卡特里娜飓风过后新奥尔良居民的中期身心健康状况，并确定可预测身心健康不佳的人口统计学、社会和环境因素。
重大灾难可能会在很长一段时间内对幸存者的健康产生负面影响。尽管卡特里娜飓风的初始和短期影响已有详尽描述，但中期影响尚未得到充分研究。
横断面调查。
2006年12月16日至18日期间，对新奥尔良市金蒂利地区的222名居民进行便利抽样调查，这些居民完成了问卷调查。采用多变量逻辑回归和多元回归模型来确定身心健康不佳的预测因素。
52%的受访者报告心理健康状况不佳。卡特里娜飓风前的抑郁症（优势比[OR]=19.1）、卡特里娜飓风后的抑郁症（OR=7.2）、身体健康状况不佳（OR=5.6）、感觉因犯罪而不安全（OR=4.3）以及女性性别（OR=2.6）是心理健康不佳的显著预测变量。自变量解释了心理健康不佳天数方差的24%（R²=0.24；p<0.001）。48%的受访者报告身体健康状况不佳。心理健康不佳（OR=3.9）、没钱购买食物（OR=2.7）以及卡特里娜飓风前患有关节炎（OR=2.6）是身体健康状况不佳的显著预测变量。自变量解释了身体健康不佳天数方差的23%（R²=0.23；p<0.001）。
卡特里娜飓风过后15个月，约一半的新奥尔良居民的身心健康状况仍然不佳。研究结果支持在卡特里娜飓风过后采取措施，保护居民免受犯罪侵害，改善针对抑郁症患者的心理健康服务，并改善对贫困人口的食物供应。
确定身心健康不佳的预测因素可能有助于临床医生和政策制定者集中精力改善灾后健康后遗症。
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