National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038964. Epub 2012 Jun 26.
Natural disasters may increase risk for a broad range of psychiatric disorders, both in the short- and in the medium-term. We sought to determine the prevalence and longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), depression, and suicidality in the first 18 months after Hurricane Ike.
Six hundred fifty-eight adults representative of Galveston and Chambers Counties, Texas participated in a random, population-based survey. The initial assessment was conducted 2 to 5 months after Hurricane Ike struck Galveston Bay on September 13, 2008. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 5 to 9 and 14 to 18 months after Hurricane Ike.
Past-month prevalence of any mental disorder (20.6% to 10.9%) and hurricane-related PTSD (6.9% to 2.5%) decreased over time. Past-month prevalence of PTSD related to a non-disaster traumatic event (5.8% to 7.1%), GAD (3.1% to 1.8%), PD (0.8% to 0.7%), depression (5.0% to 5.6%), and suicidality (2.6% to 4.2%) remained relatively stable over time.
PTSD, both due to the hurricane and due to other traumatic events, was the most prevalent psychiatric disorder 2 to 5 months after Hurricane Ike. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders declined rapidly over time, suggesting that the vast majority of individuals exposed to this natural disaster 'bounced back' and were resilient to long-term mental health consequences of this large-scale traumatic event.
自然灾害可能会增加各种精神疾病的风险，无论是短期还是中期。我们试图确定在飓风艾克袭击加尔维斯顿湾后 18 个月内创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、恐慌障碍（PD）、抑郁和自杀意念的患病率和纵向病程。
658 名成年人代表德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿和钱伯斯县参加了一项随机、基于人群的调查。初始评估是在 2008 年 9 月 13 日飓风艾克袭击加尔维斯顿湾后 2 至 5 个月进行的。随访评估分别在飓风艾克袭击后 5 至 9 个月和 14 至 18 个月进行。
过去一个月任何精神障碍（20.6%至 10.9%）和与飓风相关的 PTSD（6.9%至 2.5%）的患病率随时间推移而下降。过去一个月与非灾难创伤性事件相关的 PTSD 发生率（5.8%至 7.1%）、GAD（3.1%至 1.8%）、PD（0.8%至 0.7%）、抑郁（5.0%至 5.6%）和自杀意念（2.6%至 4.2%）相对稳定。
飓风艾克后 2 至 5 个月，飓风引起的 PTSD 和其他创伤性事件引起的 PTSD 是最常见的精神疾病。精神疾病的患病率随时间迅速下降，表明绝大多数接触过这种自然灾害的人“恢复了”，并且对这种大规模创伤性事件的长期心理健康后果具有弹性。
