Ritz Markus S, Millar Craig, Miller Gary D, Phillips Richard A, Ryan Peter, Sternkopf Viviane, Liebers-Helbig Dorit, Peter Hans-Ulrich
Institute of Ecology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Oct;49(1):292-303. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.014. Epub 2008 Jul 30.
Whilst we have now a good understanding how past glaciation influenced species at the northern hemisphere, our knowledge of patterns and modes of speciation is far more limited for the southern hemisphere. We provide mtDNA based data on the phylogeography of a circumpolar distributed southern hemisphere seabird group-the southern skua complex (Catharacta spp.). Diversification of southern skuas dates between 210,000 yBP and 150,000 yBP and coincides with a glacial spanning 230,000-140,000 yBP. Skuas most likely first inhabited the Antarctic continent, in the course of global cooling and increasing glaciation spread to the sub-antarctic islands and Tristan da Cunha and finally colonized Patagonia and the Falkland Islands at the glacial maximum. Despite significant differences between taxa most populations still exchange genes with neighboring populations of other taxa and speciation is incomplete.
虽然我们现在已经很好地了解了过去的冰川作用如何影响北半球的物种，但我们对南半球物种形成的模式和方式的了解却要有限得多。我们提供了基于线粒体DNA的关于一个环极分布的南半球海鸟群体——南极贼鸥复合体（Catharacta spp.）的系统地理学数据。南极贼鸥的分化时间在距今210,000年至150,000年之间，与一个跨度为230,000 - 140,000年的冰川期相吻合。贼鸥最开始可能栖息在南极大陆，在全球变冷和冰川作用增强的过程中扩散到亚南极岛屿和特里斯坦 - 达库尼亚群岛，最终在冰川作用最强时殖民了巴塔哥尼亚和福克兰群岛。尽管不同分类单元之间存在显著差异，但大多数种群仍与其他分类单元的相邻种群进行基因交换，物种形成并不完全。
