Heazell A E P, Crocker I P
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Group, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester M13 0JH, UK.
Placenta. 2008 Sep;29(9):772-83. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.07.003. Epub 2008 Aug 15.
Since 1995 the number of publications investigating apoptosis in villous trophoblast has increased exponentially. This scientific interest is in part due to observations that this specialised form of cell death is increased in pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia and intra-uterine growth restriction. In addition, apoptosis is described in normal villous trophoblast and elements of the apoptotic machinery are involved in the fusion between cytotrophoblast and the overlying multinucleate syncytiotrophoblast. The increase in descriptions of apoptotic cell death in villous trophoblast has been accompanied by investigations of regulators of apoptosis. It is anticipated that understanding the regulation of apoptosis in villous trophoblast may provide new insights into placental pathologies. This review describes current knowledge regarding the expression and function of these regulators in villous trophoblast, both in normal and complicated pregnancies.
自1995年以来，研究绒毛滋养层细胞凋亡的出版物数量呈指数级增长。这种科学兴趣部分源于以下观察结果：这种特殊形式的细胞死亡在子痫前期和宫内生长受限等妊娠并发症中有所增加。此外，正常绒毛滋养层细胞中也存在凋亡现象，并且凋亡机制的相关成分参与了细胞滋养层与覆盖其上的多核合体滋养层之间的融合过程。绒毛滋养层细胞凋亡性细胞死亡描述的增加，伴随着对凋亡调节因子的研究。预计了解绒毛滋养层细胞凋亡的调节机制可能为胎盘病理学提供新的见解。这篇综述描述了关于这些调节因子在正常和复杂妊娠的绒毛滋养层细胞中的表达和功能的现有知识。
