Tsikouras Panagiotis, Antsaklis Panos, Nikolettos Konstantinos, Kotanidou Sonia, Kritsotaki Nektaria, Bothou Anastasia, Andreou Sotiris, Nalmpanti Theopi, Chalkia Kyriaki, Spanakis Vlasis, Iatrakis George, Nikolettos Nikolaos
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical School, University Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece.
J Pers Med. 2024 Jun 28;14(7):698. doi: 10.3390/jpm14070698.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR), or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), is still the second most common cause of perinatal mortality. The factors that contribute to fetal growth restriction can be categorized into three distinct groups: placental, fetal, and maternal. The prenatal application of various diagnostic methods can, in many cases, detect the deterioration of the fetal condition in time because the nature of the above disorder is thoroughly investigated by applying a combination of biophysical and biochemical methods, which determine the state of the embryo-placenta unit and assess the possible increased risk of perinatal failure outcome and potential for many later health problems. When considering the potential for therapeutic intervention, the key question is whether it can be utilized during pregnancy. Currently, there are no known treatment interventions that effectively enhance placental function and promote fetal weight development. Nevertheless, in cases with fetuses diagnosed with fetal growth restriction, immediate termination of pregnancy may have advantages not only in terms of minimizing perinatal mortality but primarily in terms of reducing long-term morbidity during childhood and maturity.
胎儿生长受限（FGR），或宫内生长受限（IUGR），仍然是围产期死亡的第二大常见原因。导致胎儿生长受限的因素可分为三个不同的组：胎盘、胎儿和母体。在许多情况下，各种诊断方法的产前应用能够及时检测到胎儿状况的恶化，因为通过结合生物物理和生化方法对上述疾病的本质进行了深入研究，这些方法可以确定胚胎 - 胎盘单位的状态，并评估围产期失败结局的可能增加风险以及许多后期健康问题的可能性。在考虑治疗干预的可能性时，关键问题是它是否可以在孕期使用。目前，尚无已知的治疗干预措施能有效增强胎盘功能并促进胎儿体重增长。然而，对于诊断为胎儿生长受限的胎儿，立即终止妊娠可能不仅在降低围产期死亡率方面具有优势，而且主要在减少儿童期和成年期的长期发病率方面具有优势。
