Tansel T, Onursal E, Dayioglu E, Barlas S, Barlas C
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Acta Chir Belg. 2008 May-Jun;108(3):323-7. doi: 10.1080/00015458.2008.11680230.
Thymomas are uncommon tumours; they represent a broad spectrum of morphological and clinical behaviour. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence survival.
Seventy-three patients with thymoma who underwent thymectomy between 1980 and 2002 were reviewed. Prognostic factors assessed were: age, sex, presenting symptoms, histological features, stage at diagnosis and extent of surgical resection.
Complete resection was achieved in 67 patients and incomplete in 6. Survival rates of patients in the 1st or 2nd stages were 100% and 92.8% for 10 years, respectively. A high incidence of myasthenia gravis (MG) associated thymomas (80.8%) was found. These patients had better survival rates when compared to non-myasthenic patients. However the mortality rate for malign thymomas was high (65.7%) due to tumoral invasion. The histological types of thymoma did not influence the survival rate.
The association of MG with thymoma enables earlier detection of tumour, thus higher survival rates were achieved in these patients. Survival was also related to the stage of the tumour at diagnosis and the completeness of resection.
胸腺瘤是罕见肿瘤；它们呈现出广泛的形态学和临床行为。本研究的目的是确定影响生存的因素。
回顾了1980年至2002年间接受胸腺切除术的73例胸腺瘤患者。评估的预后因素包括：年龄、性别、出现的症状、组织学特征、诊断时的分期以及手术切除范围。
67例患者实现了完全切除，6例为不完全切除。Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期患者的10年生存率分别为100%和92.8%。发现与胸腺瘤相关的重症肌无力（MG）发病率很高（80.8%）。与非肌无力患者相比，这些患者的生存率更高。然而，由于肿瘤侵犯，恶性胸腺瘤的死亡率很高（65.7%）。胸腺瘤的组织学类型不影响生存率。
MG与胸腺瘤的关联使得肿瘤能够更早被发现，因此这些患者获得了更高的生存率。生存也与诊断时肿瘤的分期和切除的完整性有关。
