Marcus Gilad, Samin Sela, Tsori Yoav
Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
J Chem Phys. 2008 Aug 14;129(6):061101. doi: 10.1063/1.2965906.
We study the thermodynamic behavior of nonpolar liquid mixtures in the vicinity of curved charged objects, such as electrodes or charged colloids. There is a critical value of charge (or potential), above which a phase-separation transition occurs, and the interface between high- and low-dielectric constant components becomes sharp. Analytical and numerical composition profiles are given, and the equilibrium front location as a function of charge or voltage is found. We further employ a simple Cahn-Hilliard type equation to study the dynamics of phase separation in spatially nonuniform electric fields. We find an exponential temporal relaxation of the demixing front location. We give the dependence of the steady-state location and characteristic time on the charge, mixture composition and ambient temperature.
我们研究了非极性液体混合物在弯曲带电物体（如电极或带电胶体）附近的热力学行为。存在一个临界电荷（或电势）值，超过该值会发生相分离转变，高介电常数和低介电常数组分之间的界面会变得清晰。给出了分析和数值组成分布，并找到了平衡前沿位置作为电荷或电压的函数。我们进一步采用一个简单的Cahn-Hilliard型方程来研究空间非均匀电场中相分离的动力学。我们发现相分离前沿位置存在指数时间弛豫。给出了稳态位置和特征时间对电荷、混合物组成和环境温度的依赖性。
