Montini Giovanni
Dipartimento di Pediatria, Azienda Ospedaliera, Padova.
Recenti Prog Med. 2008 Jul-Aug;99(7-8):343-6.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infancy, its prevalence being 5% in febrile infants (2 to 24 months of age). 10 to 20% of febrile UTIs may result in permanent renal damage (scar), whose long-term significance (hypertension or proteinuria) in previously normal kidneys remains unclear. A wide variety of antibiotic agents have been used, generally administered aggressively by intravenous route and for long periods (up to three weeks), to possibly prevent scar formation and/or sepsis complications. Recent studies suggest that children with febrile UTIs can be effectively treated with oral antibiotics such as cefixime or amoxycillin/clavulanic acid for 10 to 14 days.
尿路感染（UTI）是婴儿期最常见的细菌感染之一，在发热婴儿（2至24个月大）中的患病率为5%。10%至20%的发热性尿路感染可能导致永久性肾损伤（瘢痕），其在先前正常肾脏中的长期影响（高血压或蛋白尿）尚不清楚。人们使用了各种各样的抗生素，通常通过静脉途径积极给药并持续较长时间（长达三周），以预防瘢痕形成和/或败血症并发症。最近的研究表明，发热性尿路感染患儿可以用头孢克肟或阿莫西林/克拉维酸等口服抗生素有效治疗10至14天。
