Dei H K, Rose S P, Mackenzie A M, Amarowicz R
The National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University College, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, United Kingdom.
Poult Sci. 2008 Sep;87(9):1773-8. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00055.
Shea nut meal is a by-product of the shea fat industry in West Africa. The objective was to determine the effect of shea nut meal fermentation using Aspergillus niger on growth performance of broiler chickens. An expeller shea nut meal was fermented in a closed plastic container for 8 d after the addition of 0.25 g of A. niger spores per kg of shea nut meal in 2 parts of water. Each of the 2 shea nut meal samples (the unfermented and fermented meals) replaced wheatfeed in a control diet at 100 g/kg and fed to 128 Ross 308 male broiler chickens (22 to 36 d). There were 8 replicates per diet (2 shea nut meal samples and the control wheatfeed diet) and 4 birds per replicate in cages (0.6 m x 0.6 m x 0.9 m). Analysis of variance of data was used to compare the treatment means. The fermentation method reduced the concentrations of total soluble phenolics (21.9%), bound plus soluble proanthocyanidins (34.5%), soluble proanthocyanidins (24.7%), and hydrolysable tannins (52.9%) in the shea nut meal. Broilers fed the fermented meal exhibited higher (P < 0.001) growth performance than those fed the unfermented meal. However, the growth performance of broilers fed each of the shea nut meal-based diets was lower (P < 0.001) than that of broilers fed the control diet. Mean live weight gain of broilers fed the fermented shea nut meal diet was 82% of that of broilers fed the control diet. The fermentation of shea nut meal using A. niger has the potential to improve the nutritive value of shea nut meal for poultry, but requires further development.
乳木果粕是西非乳木果脂产业的一种副产品。目的是确定使用黑曲霉发酵乳木果粕对肉鸡生长性能的影响。在每千克乳木果粕中加入0.25克黑曲霉菌孢子并与两份水混合后，将螺旋挤压乳木果粕在密闭塑料容器中发酵8天。将两种乳木果粕样品（未发酵和发酵后的粕）以100克/千克的比例替代对照日粮中的小麦饲料，饲喂128只罗斯308雄性肉鸡（22至36日龄）。每种日粮（两种乳木果粕样品和对照小麦饲料日粮）设置8个重复，每个重复在笼中饲养4只鸡（笼子尺寸为0.6米×0.6米×0.9米）。使用方差分析对数据进行分析以比较处理均值。发酵方法降低了乳木果粕中总可溶性酚类（21.9%）、结合态加可溶性原花青素（34.5%）、可溶性原花青素（24.7%）和水解单宁（52.9%）的浓度。饲喂发酵粕的肉鸡生长性能高于饲喂未发酵粕的肉鸡（P<0.001）。然而，饲喂以乳木果粕为基础日粮的肉鸡生长性能低于饲喂对照日粮的肉鸡（P<0.001）。饲喂发酵乳木果粕日粮的肉鸡平均活体重增加量是饲喂对照日粮肉鸡的82%。使用黑曲霉发酵乳木果粕有潜力提高乳木果粕对家禽的营养价值，但仍需进一步研发。
