Andreini L, Bartolini S, Guivarc'h A, Chriqui D, Vitagliano C
Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2008 Sep;10(5):588-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00057.x.
The aim of this research was to study flower bud differentiation processes in two oil olive cultivars from Tuscan germplasm (Leccino and Puntino). The effect of fruit-set was studied using 'ON' (with fruits) and 'OFF' (without fruits) shoots. Axillary buds were periodically collected at different phenological stages, from endocarp sclerification (July) until budbreak in the following spring. Thin sections were analysed using histology (apex size), histochemistry (RNA, starch and soluble carbohydrates) and cytokinin immunocytochemistry (zeatin localisation). The micromorphological observations and histochemical procedures did not allow us to distinguish axillary buds sampled from 'ON' and 'OFF' shoots. Cytokinin immunocytochemistry revealed early different localisation patterns between 'ON' and 'OFF' samples. Zeatin accumulated only in 'OFF' axillary bud meristems, particularly in July, when endocarp sclerification of fruits from the previous flowering is taking place. At this time, a strong RNA signal was also observed. Both these signals were correlated with floral evocation, and their coincidence with a phenological stage of development provided a useful tool to determine the time when axillary buds switch from the vegetative to the reproductive phase.
本研究的目的是研究托斯卡纳种质的两个油橄榄品种（莱基诺和蓬蒂诺）的花芽分化过程。使用“有果”（带果实）和“无果”（不带果实）的新梢研究坐果的影响。从内果皮硬化（7月）到次年春季萌芽，在不同物候期定期采集腋芽。使用组织学（顶端大小）、组织化学（RNA、淀粉和可溶性碳水化合物）和细胞分裂素免疫细胞化学（玉米素定位）分析薄片。微观形态观察和组织化学方法无法让我们区分从“有果”和“无果”新梢上采集的腋芽。细胞分裂素免疫细胞化学揭示了“有果”和“无果”样本之间早期不同的定位模式。玉米素仅在“无果”腋芽分生组织中积累，特别是在7月，此时上一年开花的果实正在进行内果皮硬化。此时，还观察到强烈的RNA信号。这两种信号都与花的诱导相关，它们与发育的物候阶段的重合提供了一个有用的工具来确定腋芽从营养生长阶段转变为生殖阶段的时间。
