Falzon D, van Cauteren D
Departement des maladies infectieuses, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France.
Euro Surveill. 2008 Mar 18;13(12):8075. doi: 10.2807/ese.13.12.08075-en.
In 2005, 426,457 tuberculosis (TB) cases were notified in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region, with a wide variation and an incremental west-to-east gradient in notification rates also reflected in TB mortality rates. In the enlarged European Union ('EU-27') and other western countries--where 19% of cases were of foreign origin in 2005 (>50% in 13 countries)--overall TB notification rates decreased by 2.4% yearly between 2000 and 2005, compared to 1.6% in 1995-2000, reflecting a declining incidence in all age groups and in most countries. Half the cases notified by the 12 ex-republics of the former Soviet Union in the East in 2005 were reported by the Russian Federation. In the East, the mean annual increase in 1995-2000 (10.0%) was higher than in 2000-2005 (3.9%), and in recent years the number of new cases stabilised while previously treated cases have increased. Efforts are still needed to improve and standardise TB surveillance across the Region. The collection of additional data on risk factors of TB may be useful for surveillance and control.
2005年，世界卫生组织（WHO）欧洲区域通报了426,457例结核病病例，通报率差异很大，且从西到东呈递增梯度，结核病死亡率也反映出这一情况。在扩大后的欧盟（“欧盟27国”）及其他西方国家，2005年有19%的病例来自国外（13个国家超过50%），2000年至2005年期间结核病总体通报率每年下降2.4%，而1995年至2000年期间为1.6%，这反映出所有年龄组以及大多数国家的发病率都在下降。2005年，前苏联东部12个加盟共和国通报的病例中有一半是俄罗斯联邦报告的。在东部，1995年至2000年期间的年均增长率（10.0%）高于2000年至2005年期间（3.9%），近年来新病例数量趋于稳定，而既往接受治疗的病例有所增加。仍需努力改进和规范该区域的结核病监测。收集更多关于结核病危险因素的数据可能有助于监测和控制工作。
