Pérez-de-Mora Alfredo, Madejón Engracia, Cabrera Francisco, Buegger Franz, Fuss Roland, Pritsch Karin, Schloter Michael
Helmholtz Zentrum München-Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Department of Terrestrial Ecogenetics, Institute of Soil Ecology, Ingolstädterlandstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2008 Nov 15;406(1-2):88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.035. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
Acid resins are residues characterised by elevated concentrations of hydrocarbons and trace elements, which were produced by mineral oil industries in Central Europe during the first half of the last century. Due to the lack of environmental legislation at that time, these wastes were dumped into excavated ponds in public areas without further protection. In this work, the long-term effects of such resin deposits on soil quality of two forest areas (Bayern, Germany) were assessed. We evaluated the distribution and accumulation of contaminants in the surroundings of the deposits, where the waste was disposed of about 60 years ago. General soil chemical properties such as pH, C, N and P content were also investigated. Chemical analysis of resin waste from the deposits revealed large amounts of potential contaminants such as hydrocarbons (93 g kg(-1)), As (63 mg kg(-1)), Cd (24 mg kg(-1)), Cu (1835 mg kg(-1)), Pb (8100 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (873 mg kg(-1)). Due to the location of the deposits on a hillside and the lack of adequate isolation, contaminants have been released downhill despite the solid nature of the waste. Five zones were investigated in each site: the deposit, three affected zones along the plume of contamination and a control zone. In affected zones, contaminants were 2 to 350 times higher than background levels depending on the site. In many cases, contaminants exceeded the German environmental guidelines for the soil-groundwater path and action levels based on extractable concentrations. Resin contamination yielded larger total C/total N ratios in affected zones, but no clear effect was observed on absolute C, N and P concentrations. In general, no major acidification effect was reported in affected zones.
酸性树脂是一类残留物，其特征是碳氢化合物和微量元素浓度较高，由上世纪上半叶中欧的矿物油工业产生。由于当时缺乏环境立法，这些废物被倾倒在公共区域挖掘的池塘中，没有进一步的保护措施。在这项工作中，评估了此类树脂沉积物对两个林区（德国巴伐利亚州）土壤质量的长期影响。我们评估了大约60年前处置废物的沉积物周围污染物的分布和积累情况。还研究了土壤的一般化学性质，如pH值、碳、氮和磷含量。对沉积物中树脂废物的化学分析表明，存在大量潜在污染物，如碳氢化合物（93 g kg⁻¹）、砷（63 mg kg⁻¹）、镉（24 mg kg⁻¹）、铜（1835 mg kg⁻¹）、铅（8100 mg kg⁻¹）和锌（873 mg kg⁻¹）。由于沉积物位于山坡上且缺乏足够的隔离措施，尽管废物呈固态，但污染物仍向下坡方向释放。每个地点调查了五个区域：沉积物区域、沿污染羽流的三个受影响区域和一个对照区域。在受影响区域，根据地点不同，污染物浓度比背景水平高2至350倍。在许多情况下，污染物超过了德国土壤-地下水路径的环境指南以及基于可提取浓度的行动水平。树脂污染使受影响区域的总碳/总氮比值增大，但对碳、氮和磷的绝对浓度未观察到明显影响。总体而言，受影响区域未报告有重大酸化效应。
