自然选择性注意：定向与情绪。
Natural selective attention: orienting and emotion.
作者信息
Bradley Margaret M
机构信息
Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
出版信息
Psychophysiology. 2009 Jan;46(1):1-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00702.x. Epub 2008 Sep 5.
Abstract
The foundations of orienting and attention are hypothesized to stem from activation of defensive and appetitive motivational systems that evolved to protect and sustain the life of the individual. Motivational activation initiates a cascade of perceptual and motor processes that facilitate the selection of appropriate behavior. Among these are detection of significance, indexed by a late centro-parietal positivity in the event-related potential, enhanced perceptual processing, indexed by a initial cardiac deceleration, and preparation for action, indexed by electrodermal changes. Data exploring the role of stimulus novelty and significance in orienting are presented that indicate different components of the orienting response habituate at different rates. Taken together, it is suggested that orienting is mediated by activation of fundamental motivational systems that have evolved to support survival.
摘要
定向和注意力的基础被假定源于防御性和欲求性动机系统的激活，这些系统是为保护和维持个体生命而进化出来的。动机激活引发一系列感知和运动过程，这些过程有助于选择适当的行为。其中包括对重要性的检测，以事件相关电位中顶叶中央晚期正波为指标；增强的感知处理，以初始心脏减速为指标；以及为行动做准备，以皮肤电变化为指标。文中呈现了探索刺激新颖性和重要性在定向中作用的数据，这些数据表明定向反应的不同成分以不同速率产生习惯化。综合来看，有人提出定向是由为支持生存而进化的基本动机系统的激活所介导的。
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