Harris Mark
Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity and the School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales.
Aust Fam Physician. 2008 Sep;37(9):716-20.
Type 2 diabetes and its macro- and micro-vascular complications are increasingly common in general practice.
This article outlines the early detection and management of type 2 diabetes in general practice.
The use of new risk questionnaires and screening tests will provide opportunities for prevention and allow earlier diagnosis of diabetes, before the development of complications. Achieving optimal metabolic control (including control of glucose, blood pressure, lipids and weight) remains a challenge for up to half of patients. Improved diet and physical activity; targeted use of medications to achieve glycaemic, blood pressure and lipid control; and the use of aspirin are key interventions. Achievement of these goals needs to be underpinned by organisational changes both within general practice and between it and other services, to provide self management education, create effective teamwork, and improve decision support and information systems.
2型糖尿病及其大血管和微血管并发症在普通医疗实践中越来越常见。
本文概述了普通医疗实践中2型糖尿病的早期检测与管理。
使用新的风险问卷和筛查测试将为预防提供机会，并能在并发症出现之前更早地诊断出糖尿病。对于多达半数的患者而言，实现最佳代谢控制（包括控制血糖、血压、血脂和体重）仍是一项挑战。改善饮食和身体活动；有针对性地使用药物以实现血糖、血压和血脂控制；以及使用阿司匹林是关键干预措施。要实现这些目标，需要在普通医疗实践内部及其与其他服务之间进行组织变革，以提供自我管理教育、建立有效的团队合作，并改善决策支持和信息系统。
