Rosa Antonia Maria, Ignotti Eliane, Hacon Sandra de Souza, Castro Hermano Albuquerque de
Estágio Regional Integrado da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brasil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2008 Aug;34(8):575-82. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132008000800006.
To analyze hospitalizations for respiratory diseases among children under 15 years of age in an area with high levels of environmental pollution.
A cross-sectional study of hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases of patients residing in the city of Tangará da Serra, located in the state of Mato Grosso (Brazilian Amazon region), from 2000 to 2005. Data on hospital admissions were obtained from the Brazilian Unified Health Care System and from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics population estimates.
In 2005, the rate of hospitalization for respiratory diseases among children under 15 years of age in the microregion of Tangará da Serra was 70.1/1,000 children. Between 2000 and 2005, there were 12,777 such admissions, of which 8,142 (63.7%) were for respiratory diseases. During the dry season (May to October), the rate of admissions for respiratory diseases was 10% higher than during the rainy season (November to April). The principal causes of admission included pneumonia (90.7%) and respiratory insufficiency (8.5%). Admissions of children under 5 years of age for pneumonia were 4 times the expected number for the city. Children under 12 months of age were the most frequently hospitalized, with an average increase of 32.4 admissions per 1,000 children per year.
Tangará da Serra presented a high number of pediatric admissions for respiratory diseases. Therefore, it is logical to consider it a priority area for investigation and monitoring of the environmental risk factors for such diseases.
分析环境污染严重地区15岁以下儿童呼吸系统疾病的住院情况。
对居住在位于马托格罗索州（巴西亚马逊地区）的唐加拉达塞拉市的患者因呼吸系统疾病住院情况进行横断面研究，研究时间为2000年至2005年。住院数据来自巴西统一医疗系统以及巴西地理与统计研究所的人口估计数据。
2005年，唐加拉达塞拉市微区域内15岁以下儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率为每1000名儿童中有70.1例。2000年至2005年期间，此类住院病例有12777例，其中8142例（63.7%）为呼吸系统疾病。在旱季（5月至10月），呼吸系统疾病的住院率比雨季（11月至4月）高10%。主要住院原因包括肺炎（90.7%）和呼吸功能不全（8.5%）。5岁以下儿童因肺炎住院的人数是该市预期人数的4倍。12个月以下的儿童住院最为频繁，平均每年每1000名儿童增加32.4例住院病例。
唐加拉达塞拉市儿童呼吸系统疾病住院病例数较多。因此，将其视为此类疾病环境危险因素调查和监测的优先区域是合理的。
