Vojvodić Svetlana
Zavod za transfuziju krvi Novi Sad.
Med Pregl. 2008 Jan-Feb;61(1-2):22-6. doi: 10.2298/mpns0802022v.
Since the discovery of major histocompatibility complex influence on cause leukaemia in 1964, an HIA association with leukaemia in humans has been considered as a possible genetic risk factor that contributes to development of leukaemia. In addition to associations of several HLA antigens with leukaemias, it has been observed that patients with leukaemia have an increase in the frequency of HLA identical siblings, higher degree of HLA compatibility with their parents as well as higher parental HLA sharing rate in comparison to the families without patients suffering from leukaemia.
To test hypothesis that susceptibility to leukaemia can be caused by influence of a recessive genes associated with the major histocompatibility complex in man, we analysed the distribution of I class HLA antigens in 77 families of patients suffering from different types of leukaemia. In the affected families and in 72 families of healthy controls, we investigated HLA identical sibling frequency, parental sharing of one, two or three HLA antigens and degree of compatibility of parents and offsprings: existence of haploidentity, compatibility in l' and 4/4 HLA antigens of A and B loci.
We have found that in families with affected persons there is a statistically significant difference in number of HLA identical siblings in comparison to the group of healthy controls (t = 2.63). Also the results have shown that among the parents of affected persons there is a statistically significant difference in mutual compatibility in one (t = 3.012) and two (t = 2.4) HLA antigens. In addition, we observed an increase in the frequency of higher rate of compatibility between patients and their parents (t = 3.88) in l' HLA antigens, to their mothers (t = 2.83) and to their fathers (t = 2.55), respectively, in comparison to the healthy control group.
The results of this study show that in families with persons suffering from leukaemia there are possible recessive factors associated with HLA system which could cause distorsion of HLA antigens segregation and as a possible genetical risk factor contribute to development of leukaemia.
自1964年发现主要组织相容性复合体对白血病病因的影响以来，人类白血病与HLA的关联一直被视为可能导致白血病发生的遗传风险因素。除了几种HLA抗原与白血病的关联外，还观察到白血病患者中HLA相同同胞的频率增加，与父母的HLA相容性程度更高，以及与无白血病患者的家庭相比，父母的HLA共享率更高。
为了检验人类主要组织相容性复合体相关隐性基因的影响可能导致白血病易感性的假设，我们分析了77个不同类型白血病患者家庭中I类HLA抗原的分布。在患病家庭和72个健康对照家庭中，我们调查了HLA相同同胞的频率、父母一方、两方或三方HLA抗原的共享情况以及父母与子女的相容性程度：单倍型相同的存在情况、A和B位点在1/1和4/4 HLA抗原中的相容性。
我们发现，与健康对照组相比，患病家庭中HLA相同同胞的数量存在统计学上的显著差异（t = 2.63）。结果还表明，在患病者的父母中，一方（t = 3.012）和两方（t = 2.4）HLA抗原的相互相容性存在统计学上的显著差异。此外，与健康对照组相比，我们观察到患者与其父母在1/1 HLA抗原中，分别与其母亲（t = 2.83）和父亲（t = 2.55）的高相容性频率增加。
本研究结果表明，在有白血病患者的家庭中，可能存在与HLA系统相关的隐性因素，这些因素可能导致HLA抗原分离的扭曲，并作为一种可能的遗传风险因素促成白血病的发生。
