Ballard J L, Khoury J C, Wedig K, Wang L, Eilers-Walsman B L, Lipp R
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267-0541.
J Pediatr. 1991 Sep;119(3):417-23. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82056-6.
The Ballard Maturational Score was refined and expanded to achieve greater accuracy and to include extremely premature neonates. To test validity, accuracy, interrater reliability, and optimal postnatal age at examination, the resulting New Ballard Score (NBS) was assessed for 578 newly born infants and the results were analyzed. Gestational ages ranged from 20 to 44 weeks and postnatal ages at examination ranged from birth to 96 hours. In 530 infants, gestational age by last menstrual period was confirmed by agreement within 2 weeks with gestational age by prenatal ultrasonography (C-GLMP). For these infants, correlation between gestational age by NBS and C-GLMP was 0.97. Mean differences between gestational age by NBS and C-GLMP were 0.32 +/- 1.58 weeks and 0.15 +/- 1.46 weeks among the extremely premature infants (less than 26 weeks) and among the total population, respectively. Correlations between the individual criteria and C-GLMP ranged from 0.72 to 0.82. Interrater reliability of NBS, as determined by correlation between raters who rated the same subgroup of infants, ws 0.95. For infants less than 26 weeks of gestational age, the greatest validity (97% within 2 weeks of C-GLMP) was seen when the examination was performed before 12 hours of postnatal age. For infants at least 26 weeks of gestational age, percentages of agreement with C-GLMP remained constant, averaging 92% for all postnatal age categories up to 96 hours. The NBS is a valid and accurate gestational assessment tool for extremely premature infants and remains valid for the entire newborn infant population.
巴拉德成熟度评分被完善和扩展，以提高准确性并纳入极早产儿。为了测试有效性、准确性、评分者间信度以及检查时的最佳出生后年龄，对578名新生儿评估了最终得出的新巴拉德评分（NBS）并分析了结果。孕周范围为20至44周，检查时的出生后年龄范围为出生至96小时。在530名婴儿中，末次月经确定的孕周与产前超声检查确定的孕周（C-GLMP）在2周内相符。对于这些婴儿，NBS确定的孕周与C-GLMP之间的相关性为0.97。在极早产儿（小于26周）和总人群中，NBS确定的孕周与C-GLMP之间的平均差异分别为0.32±1.58周和0.15±1.46周。各个标准与C-GLMP之间的相关性范围为0.72至0.82。由对同一亚组婴儿进行评分的评分者之间的相关性确定的NBS评分者间信度为0.95。对于孕周小于26周的婴儿，在出生后12小时之前进行检查时，有效性最高（在C-GLMP的2周内为97%）。对于孕周至少为26周的婴儿，与C-GLMP的一致率保持不变，在出生后96小时内的所有出生后年龄类别中平均为92%。NBS是一种用于极早产儿的有效且准确的孕周评估工具，对整个新生儿群体也仍然有效。
