Bernat Debra H, Erickson Darin J, Widome Rachel, Perry Cheryl L, Forster Jean L
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2008 Oct;43(4):334-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.02.014. Epub 2008 May 29.
To identify distinct smoking trajectories during adolescence and assess how smoking-related factors relate to trajectory membership.
The sample includes 3637 youth from across the state of Minnesota. Measures include tobacco use, smoking behaviors of parents and friends, youth smoking-related attitudes and beliefs, and home smoking policies. A cohort-sequential design was used to identify smoking trajectories, including five cohorts of youth (ages 12-16) followed for 3 years.
Six distinct trajectories of tobacco use were found: nonsmokers (54%), triers (17%), occasional users (10%), early established (7%), late established (8%), and decliners (4%). Several factors were associated with increased likelihood of being in a smoking trajectory group (vs. the nonsmoking group): parental smoking, friend smoking, greater perceptions of the number of adults and teenagers who smoke, and higher functional meaning of tobacco use. In contrast, higher perceived difficulty smoking in public places, negative perceptions of the tobacco industry, and home smoking policies were associated with less likelihood of being in one of the smoking trajectories (vs. the nonsmoking trajectory).
Adolescents exhibit diverse patterns of smoking during adolescence and tobacco-related influences were strong predictors of trajectory membership.
确定青少年时期不同的吸烟轨迹，并评估与吸烟相关的因素如何与轨迹归属相关。
样本包括来自明尼苏达州各地的3637名青少年。测量指标包括烟草使用情况、父母和朋友的吸烟行为、青少年与吸烟相关的态度和信念以及家庭吸烟政策。采用队列序贯设计来确定吸烟轨迹，包括五组年龄在12至16岁的青少年，随访3年。
发现了六种不同的烟草使用轨迹：从不吸烟者（54%）、尝试吸烟者（17%）、偶尔吸烟者（10%）、早期吸烟者（7%）、晚期吸烟者（8%）和戒烟者（4%）。几个因素与处于吸烟轨迹组（相对于不吸烟组）的可能性增加相关：父母吸烟、朋友吸烟、对吸烟的成年人和青少年数量的更高认知以及烟草使用的更高功能意义。相比之下，在公共场所吸烟的更高感知难度、对烟草行业的负面认知以及家庭吸烟政策与处于吸烟轨迹之一（相对于不吸烟轨迹）的可能性较小相关。
青少年在青春期表现出不同的吸烟模式，与烟草相关的影响是轨迹归属的有力预测因素。
