Howard Janet C, Thorson Melissa A L
Memorial Hospital, South Bend, Indiana 46601, USA.
J Trauma Nurs. 2008 Jul-Sep;15(3):91-3. doi: 10.1097/01.JTN.0000337148.21926.71.
The clinical nurse specialist (CNS) is included in the collective term advanced practice nurse. Preparation of the CNS involves completion of a graduate program with a clinical focus, specialty certification, and state-defined requirements for licensure.The trauma CNS demonstrates advanced clinical knowledge based on an in-depth understanding of the pathophysiology of trauma combined with extensive practical experience observing human responses to injury. The trauma CNS assumes the traditional subroles as expert practitioner, educator, consultant, and researcher with the proportion of time spent in each subrole based on the needs of the trauma program. The CNS's ability to minimize variances in care and prevent adverse outcomes directly support performance improvement. The Society of Trauma Nurses recognizes and supports the utilization of CNSs in trauma programs.
临床护理专家（CNS）包含在高级执业护士这一统称之中。CNS的培养包括完成以临床为重点的研究生课程、专业认证以及州规定的执照要求。创伤护理临床专家基于对创伤病理生理学的深入理解以及观察人类对损伤反应的丰富实践经验，展现出先进的临床知识。创伤护理临床专家承担着传统的子角色，即专家从业者、教育者、顾问和研究者，在每个子角色上花费的时间比例取决于创伤项目的需求。CNS将护理差异最小化并预防不良后果的能力直接有助于提高绩效。创伤护士协会认可并支持在创伤项目中使用CNS。
