Morris Alison L, Still Mary L, Caldwell-Harris Catherine L
Department of Psychology, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, W112 Lagomarcino, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Cogn Psychol. 2009 May;58(3):338-75. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2008.08.001. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
Repeating an item in a brief or rapid display usually produces faster or more accurate identification of the item (repetition priming), but sometimes produces the opposite effect (repetition blindness). We present a theory of short-term repetition effects, the competition hypothesis, which explains these paradoxical outcomes. The central tenet of the theory is that repetition produces a representation with a higher signal-to-noise ratio but also produces a disadvantage in the representation's ability to compete with other items for access to awareness. A computational implementation of the competition hypothesis was developed to simulate standard findings in the RB literature and to generate novel predictions which were then tested in three experiments. Results from these experiments suggest that repetition effects emerge from competitive interactions between items and that these influences extend to adjacent, nonrepeated items in the display. The results also present challenges to existing theories of short-term repetition effects.
在简短或快速呈现中重复一个项目通常会使对该项目的识别更快或更准确（重复启动），但有时会产生相反的效果（重复盲视）。我们提出了一种关于短期重复效应的理论，即竞争假说，它解释了这些矛盾的结果。该理论的核心原则是，重复会产生一个信噪比更高的表征，但同时也会使该表征在与其他项目竞争进入意识的能力方面处于劣势。我们开发了竞争假说的一个计算实现，以模拟重复盲视文献中的标准发现并生成新的预测，然后在三个实验中对这些预测进行了测试。这些实验的结果表明，重复效应源于项目之间的竞争性相互作用，并且这些影响延伸到显示中相邻的、未重复的项目。这些结果也对现有的短期重复效应理论提出了挑战。
