Burt Jennifer S, Jolley Jessica
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Mem Cognit. 2017 Oct;45(7):1171-1181. doi: 10.3758/s13421-017-0726-z.
University students named a 72-ms masked target word that was preceded by two 120-ms consecutively presented words, a prime word followed by a distractor. In Experiment 1, all words were in lowercase letters, whereas in Experiment 2, the target word was changed to uppercase letters. In both experiments there was an accuracy and latency cost (repetition blindness: RB) when the prime was the same word as the target, with the cost much less severe in Experiment 2 than in Experiment 1. A low-frequency distractor impaired target identification compared with a high-frequency distractor. Distractor frequency interacted with target frequency such that high-frequency targets preceded by low-frequency distractors had the lowest accuracy. The results are consistent with a frequency-dependent competition for access to working memory among briefly displayed words. However, there was no clear evidence that effects of target repetition on interword competition play a role in RB. The effects of a letter case change for the target are consistent with a contribution of token distinctiveness to word-order recovery in the intervening-word priming task.
大学生要说出一个72毫秒的掩蔽目标词，该目标词之前有两个连续呈现120毫秒的词，一个启动词后接一个干扰词。在实验1中，所有单词均为小写字母，而在实验2中，目标词改为大写字母。在两个实验中，当启动词与目标词相同时，都存在准确性和反应时代价（重复盲视：RB），实验2中的代价远低于实验1。与高频干扰词相比，低频干扰词会损害目标识别。干扰词频率与目标词频率相互作用，使得低频干扰词之前的高频目标词准确性最低。这些结果与短暂呈现的单词之间基于频率的工作记忆访问竞争一致。然而，没有明确证据表明目标重复对词间竞争的影响在重复盲视中起作用。目标词字母大小写变化的影响与词元独特性对中间词启动任务中词序恢复的贡献一致。
