McKenzie Valerie J, Starks Hilary A
University of Colorado, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0334, USA.
J Parasitol. 2008 Aug;94(4):824-9. doi: 10.1645/GE-1433.1.
The 2 objectives of this study were: (1) to compare parasite detectability in blood smears obtained from toe-clips versus the heart from amphibian hosts; and (2) to test whether microfilariae density is correlated with adult filarial worm intensity. We examined blood parasites of 2 species of amphibians, Rana vaillanti (n = 45) and Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri (n = 36), from Costa Rica collected during the summer of 2003. Separate blood smears were obtained from toe-clips and the heart during necrospy. Eight species of blood parasites were identified from R. vaillanti and 1 from E. fitzingeri. Each parasite species was counted in a 2 x 2.2-cm2 area on each blood smear, and the density of host red blood cells (RBCs) was estimated using a sub-sampling approach, allowing parasite infections to be expressed as individuals per RBC. The detection failure rate for toe-cut smears ranged from 71-100% (x = 92.3%) and from 0-9% (x = 2.4%) for heart smears, depending on parasite species. The density of RBCs was significantly higher in smears produced from heart samples and may explain the differences in detectability. Foleyellides striatus microfilariae densities (per RBC) were significantly correlated with adult female worm intensity (R2 = 0.32, P = 0.011).
（1）比较从两栖动物宿主的趾尖采血涂片与心脏采血涂片检测寄生虫的能力；（2）测试微丝蚴密度是否与成虫丝虫强度相关。我们检查了2003年夏季从哥斯达黎加采集的两种两栖动物的血液寄生虫，即瓦氏蛙（n = 45）和菲氏姬蛙（n = 36）。在尸检过程中分别从趾尖和心脏采集血液涂片。从瓦氏蛙中鉴定出8种血液寄生虫，从菲氏姬蛙中鉴定出1种。在每张血液涂片上2×2.2平方厘米的区域内对每种寄生虫进行计数，并使用子采样方法估计宿主红细胞（RBC）的密度，从而将寄生虫感染情况表示为每红细胞中的个体数。根据寄生虫种类的不同，趾尖采血涂片的检测失败率在71% - 100%之间（平均值 = 92.3%），而心脏采血涂片的检测失败率在0% - 9%之间（平均值 = 2.4%）。心脏样本产生的涂片红细胞密度显著更高，这可能解释了检测能力的差异。条纹福氏线虫微丝蚴密度（每红细胞）与成年雌虫强度显著相关（R2 = 0.32，P = 0.011）。
