Karlsgodt Katherine H, Sun Daqiang, Jimenez Amy M, Lutkenhoff Evan S, Willhite Rachael, van Erp Theo G M, Cannon Tyrone D
Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall Box 951563, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2008 Fall;20(4):1297-327. doi: 10.1017/S095457940800062X.
Schizophrenia has been thought of as a disorder of reduced functional and structural connectivity. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, structural magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and small animal imaging have advanced our ability to investigate this hypothesis. Moreover, the power of longitudinal designs possible with these noninvasive techniques enable the study of not just how connectivity is disrupted in schizophrenia, but when this disruption emerges during development. This article reviews genetic and neurodevelopmental influences on structural and functional connectivity in human populations with or at risk for schizophrenia and in animal models of the disorder. We conclude that the weight of evidence across these diverse lines of inquiry points to a developmental disruption of neural connectivity in schizophrenia and that this disrupted connectivity likely involves susceptibility genes that affect processes involved in establishing intra- and interregional connectivity.
精神分裂症一直被认为是一种功能和结构连接性降低的疾病。功能磁共振成像、结构磁共振成像、扩散张量成像和小动物成像等神经成像技术的最新进展，提升了我们研究这一假说的能力。此外，这些非侵入性技术所具备的纵向设计能力，不仅能研究精神分裂症中连接性是如何被破坏的，还能研究这种破坏在发育过程中何时出现。本文综述了遗传和神经发育对患有精神分裂症或有患精神分裂症风险的人群以及该疾病动物模型中结构和功能连接性的影响。我们得出结论，这些不同研究方向的证据表明，精神分裂症存在神经连接性的发育性破坏，且这种被破坏的连接性可能涉及影响建立区域内和区域间连接过程的易感基因。
