Kasdan Richard B, Howard Jaime L
Monroeville Imaging Center, Associates in Neurology of Pittsburgh, 5750 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Semin Neurol. 2008 Sep;28(4):570-89. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1083693. Epub 2008 Oct 8.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a valuable noninvasive, cost-effective tool for accurately evaluating spine disorders. This article affords a comprehensive review of normal anatomy as it relates to MRI interpretation with specific attention to accurately defining nerve root abnormalities. It gives in-depth detail on disc herniation nomenclature with specific examples of disc bulge, disc protrusion, disc extrusion, and disc sequestration. In addition, there are illustrations of various forms of degenerative spine disease, including intradiscal degenerative disease, reactive end plate changes, spinal stenosis, synovial cyst formation, and spinal instability. Differentiating features for separating osteoporotic spine fracture from underlying neoplastic pathologic fracture are illustrated. Finally, examples of both benign and malignant disease are illustrated in the spine with corresponding clinical and MRI examples.
磁共振成像（MRI）已成为一种用于准确评估脊柱疾病的有价值的非侵入性、性价比高的工具。本文全面回顾了与MRI解读相关的正常解剖结构，并特别关注准确界定神经根异常。文中深入详细地介绍了椎间盘突出症的命名法，并给出了椎间盘膨出、椎间盘突出、椎间盘脱出和椎间盘游离的具体示例。此外，还展示了各种形式的脊柱退行性疾病的图示，包括椎间盘内退行性疾病、反应性终板改变、椎管狭窄、滑膜囊肿形成和脊柱不稳定。文中还说明了区分骨质疏松性脊柱骨折与潜在肿瘤病理性骨折的鉴别特征。最后，通过相应的临床和MRI示例展示了脊柱良性和恶性疾病的实例。
