Elsworth Derek, Mattioli Glen, Taron Joshua, Voight Barry, Herd Richard
College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Science. 2008 Oct 10;322(5899):246-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1161297.
Volcanic eruptions are episodic despite being supplied by melt at a nearly constant rate. We used histories of magma efflux and surface deformation to geodetically image magma transfer within the deep crustal plumbing of the Soufrière Hills volcano on Montserrat, West Indies. For three cycles of effusion followed by discrete pauses, supply of the system from the deep crust and mantle was continuous. During periods of reinitiated high surface efflux, magma rose quickly and synchronously from a deflating mid-crustal reservoir (at about 12 kilometers) augmented from depth. During repose, the lower reservoir refilled from the deep supply, with only minor discharge transiting the upper chamber to surface. These observations are consistent with a model involving the continuous supply of magma from the deep crust and mantle into a voluminous and compliant mid-crustal reservoir, episodically valved below a shallow reservoir (at about 6 kilometers).
尽管火山喷发以近乎恒定的速率由熔体供应，但却是间歇性的。我们利用岩浆流出和地表变形的历史数据，通过大地测量成像了西印度群岛蒙特塞拉特岛苏弗里耶尔山火山深部地壳管道内的岩浆传输情况。在三个喷发周期随后是离散的间歇期内，来自深部地壳和地幔的系统供应是连续的。在重新开始高地表喷发的时期，岩浆从深度补给的正在减压的中地壳储层（约12公里深处）快速且同步地上升。在静止期，下部储层从深部补给源重新充满，只有少量岩浆通过上部岩浆房流向地表。这些观测结果与一个模型相符，该模型涉及岩浆从深部地壳和地幔持续供应到一个巨大且柔顺的中地壳储层，该储层在一个浅部储层（约6公里深处）下方有间歇性阀门控制。
