纯合和部分黄胚乳高粱籽粒杂交种对肉牛消化部位及消化程度的影响。

The effect of pure and partial yellow endosperm sorghum grain hybrids on site and extent of digestion in beef steers.

作者信息

Streeter M N, Wagner D G, Owens F N, Hibberd C A

机构信息

Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078-0425.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1991 Jun;69(6):2571-84. doi: 10.2527/1991.6962571x.

DOI:10.2527/1991.6962571x

PMID:1885372

Abstract

To compare the effects of sorghum grain hybrids on site and extent of digestion, two yellow (Y1 and Y2), two cream (C1 and C2), and two hetero-yellow (HY1 and HY2) sorghum grains were fed (1.85% BW, DM basis) in an 81% dry-rolled grain diet to steers (342 kg BW) equipped with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas within a 6 X 6 Latin square. Yellow (YEL) hybrids had a homozygous yellow endosperm and a yellow seed coat; cream (CREAM) and hetero-yellow (HET-YEL) hybrids had a heterozygous (partial) yellow endosperm, with white or red seed coats, respectively. Total tract starch digestibility (percentage) was greater (P less than .10) for CREAM and HET-YEL (82.3) than for YEL (78.9), primarily because of greater (P less than .05) starch digestion in the large intestine. Ruminal starch digestibility (percentage) was greater (P less than .10) for HET-YEL (73.2) than for CREAM (66.3) and was a larger proportion of total tract digestion for HET-YEL (90.6) than for CREAM (80.1). Ruminal starch digestion was correlated negatively (r = -.46; P less than .08) with ruminal escape of feed N. Prececal starch digestibility (average 76.2%) was more strongly correlated with ruminal digestibility (r = .69; P less than .01) than with digestion in the small intestine (r = .41; P = .12). Total tract nonammonia N (NAN) digestibility (percentage) was greater (P less than .10) for CREAM than for HET-YEL, greater for Y1 (P less than .10) than for Y2, greater for C2 (P less than .05) than for C1, and greater for HY2 (P less than .05) than for HY1. Flow of NAN to the duodenum was correlated negatively (r = -.55; P less than .05) with prececal starch digestion. Small intestinal NAN disappearance (g/d) was greater (P less than .01) for HY1 (76.0) than for HY2 (52.2). Microbial N flow (r = .88; P less than .01), but not feed N flow (r = .17; P = .52), to the duodenum was correlated with partial NAN digestibility in the small intestine. Hybrids differed in site and extent of digestion. Differences were generally larger for N than for starch.

摘要

为比较高粱杂交种对消化部位和消化程度的影响，将两种黄色（Y1和Y2）、两种米色（C1和C2）以及两种杂合黄色（HY1和HY2）高粱籽粒以81%干碾压谷物日粮的形式（按体重的1.85%，以干物质计）饲喂给安装了瘤胃、十二指肠和回肠瘘管的阉牛（体重342千克），采用6×6拉丁方设计。黄色（YEL）杂交种具有纯合的黄色胚乳和黄色种皮；米色（CREAM）和杂合黄色（HET - YEL）杂交种具有杂合（部分）黄色胚乳，种皮分别为白色或红色。总消化道淀粉消化率（百分比），CREAM和HET - YEL（82.3）高于YEL（78.9）（P＜0.10），主要是因为大肠中的淀粉消化率更高（P＜0.05）。瘤胃淀粉消化率（百分比），HET - YEL（73.2）高于CREAM（66.3）（P＜0.10），且HET - YEL（90.6）在总消化道消化中所占比例高于CREAM（80.1）。瘤胃淀粉消化与饲料氮的瘤胃逃逸呈负相关（r = - 0.46；P＜0.08）。盲肠前段淀粉消化率（平均76.2%）与瘤胃消化率的相关性更强（r = 0.69；P＜0.01），而与小肠消化率的相关性较弱（r = 0.41；P = 0.12）。总消化道非氨氮（NAN）消化率（百分比），CREAM高于HET - YEL（P＜0.10），Y1高于Y2（P＜0.10），C2高于C1（P＜0.05），HY2高于HY1（P＜0.05）。NAN向十二指肠的流量与盲肠前段淀粉消化呈负相关（r = - 0.55；P＜0.05）。小肠中NAN消失量（克/天），HY1（76.0）高于HY2（52.2）（P＜0.01）。微生物氮流量（r = 0.88；P＜0.01）与十二指肠中部分NAN消化率相关，而饲料氮流量（r = 0.17；P = 0.52）则无此相关性。杂交种在消化部位和消化程度上存在差异。氮的差异通常比淀粉的差异更大。