Zhou Xiaojian, Zhang Zhen, Xu Ying, Jin Cuili, He Hongping, Hao Xiaojiang, Qian Pei-Yuan
Coastal Marine Laboratory and Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Biofouling. 2009;25(1):69-76. doi: 10.1080/08927010802455941.
To determine whether they could serve as non-toxic or less damaging alternative antifouling (AF) agents, 17 flavone and isoflavone derivatives were isolated from terrestrial plant extracts, purified and examined for their ability to inhibit the settlement of barnacle (Balanus amphitrite) cyprids. In larval bioassays, eight compounds showed strong anti-larval settlement activities, with EC(50) values <10 microg ml(-1). Through an analysis of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds, it was found that (1) the structural difference between flavones and isoflavones did not affect their AF activities; (2) the 5-hydroxyl group on the skeletons played a key role in AF activities; and (3) the presence of hydroxyl group or bulky group on C3 significantly reduced AF activities. A hydrolysis experiment using genistein, a typical active compound in this study, indicated that it was decomposed in the marine environment by hydrolysis reaction and that the degradation speed was significantly affected by pH. In a field AF test, genistein inhibited the attachment of B. amphitrite on panels coated with genistein-paint mixtures.
为了确定它们是否可以作为无毒或低损害的替代防污剂，从陆生植物提取物中分离出17种黄酮和异黄酮衍生物，进行纯化，并检测它们抑制藤壶（纹藤壶）无节幼虫附着的能力。在幼虫生物测定中，8种化合物表现出较强的抗幼虫附着活性，其半数有效浓度（EC50）值<10微克/毫升。通过对这些化合物的构效关系分析，发现：（1）黄酮和异黄酮之间的结构差异不影响它们的防污活性；（2）骨架上的5-羟基在防污活性中起关键作用；（3）C3上存在羟基或庞大基团会显著降低防污活性。使用本研究中的典型活性化合物染料木黄酮进行的水解实验表明，它在海洋环境中通过水解反应分解，降解速度受pH值的显著影响。在现场防污测试中，染料木黄酮抑制了纹藤壶在涂有染料木黄酮涂料混合物的面板上的附着。
