Kransdorf M J, Stull M A, Gilkey F W, Moser R P
Department of Radiologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Radiographics. 1991 Jul;11(4):671-96. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.11.4.1887121.
Osteoid osteoma is a benign skeletal neoplasm composed of osteoid and woven bone that rarely exceeds 1.5 cm in greatest dimension. The lesion is most commonly located in the cortex of long bones where it is associated with dense, fusiform, reactive sclerosis. Less often, it may be cancellous, where reactive osteosclerosis is usually less intense and may be distant from the lesion. Cancellous lesions are frequently intraarticular (most often in the hip) and may be associated with synovitis and joint effusion. Rarely, osteoid osteomas occur in a subperiosteal location. Patients are usually young, and there is a strong male predominance. Pain is the most common symptom. Radiographs of patients with cortical osteoid osteoma are often diagnostic. Intraarticular lesions, however, may be subtle, and scintigraphy may be required to locate the lesion for subsequent computed tomography (CT). CT is useful to identify and precisely locate the lesion and to provide guidance for percutaneous localization or treatment.
骨样骨瘤是一种由类骨质和编织骨组成的良性骨肿瘤，最大径很少超过1.5厘米。该病变最常见于长骨皮质，伴有致密、梭形的反应性骨硬化。较少见的情况下，它可能位于松质骨内，此时反应性骨硬化通常较轻，且可能远离病变部位。松质骨病变常位于关节内（最常见于髋关节），可能伴有滑膜炎和关节积液。罕见情况下，骨样骨瘤发生于骨膜下位置。患者通常较年轻，男性占比高。疼痛是最常见的症状。皮质骨样骨瘤患者的X线片常具有诊断价值。然而，关节内病变可能不明显，可能需要骨闪烁显像来定位病变以便后续进行计算机断层扫描（CT）。CT有助于识别和精确定位病变，并为经皮定位或治疗提供指导。
