Maheswaran D, Chaiken S
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York 10003.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991 Jul;61(1):13-25. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.61.1.13.
Ss received consensus information that was either congruent or incongruent with the valence of persuasive message content. In Experiment 1 Ss believed that their processing task was either important or unimportant whereas in Experiment 2 all Ss believed that their task was unimportant. In accord with the heuristic-systematic model's sufficiency principle, high-task-importance Ss exhibited a great deal of systematic processing regardless of congruency, whereas low-importance Ss processed systematically only when they received incongruent messages; in the congruent conditions heuristic processing dominated. Attitude data generally reflected these processing differences and confirmed the additivity and attenuation assumptions of the model. The utility of the sufficiency principle for understanding motivation for elaborative processing and the relevance of the findings to understanding the processing and judgmental effects of expectancy disconfirmation are discussed.
被试者收到与说服性信息内容的效价一致或不一致的共识信息。在实验1中，被试者认为他们的处理任务重要或不重要，而在实验2中，所有被试者都认为他们的任务不重要。根据启发式-系统模型的充分性原则，高任务重要性的被试者无论一致性如何都表现出大量的系统性处理，而低重要性的被试者只有在收到不一致信息时才进行系统性处理；在一致条件下，启发式处理占主导。态度数据总体上反映了这些处理差异，并证实了该模型的可加性和衰减假设。讨论了充分性原则在理解精细化处理动机方面的效用以及这些发现与理解期望不一致的处理和判断效果的相关性。
