Burnham K, Bey M
Department of Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078.
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1991 Sep;34(1):83-93. doi: 10.1080/15287399109531549.
Previous studies indicate that crude oil leads to increased pigmentation and erythema (sunburn) in response to sunlight in exposed individuals. However, no information is currently available concerning whether crude oil exposure might enhance the immunosuppressive effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the skin. In order to address this question, the back skin of shaved, female C3H/HeN mice was exposed to crude oil with or without subsequent treatment with medium-wavelength (UVB) (200 J/m2) or long-wavelength (UVA) (20,000 J/m2) UVR. Immune function was assessed in treated mice by measuring their ability to mount contact hypersensitivity responses to a hapten (2,4-dinitro-1-flyorobenzene, DNGFB) applied to the site of crude oil and UVR treatment as determined by ear swelling upon subsequent challenge. Since Langerhans cells represent an important component of immunity within the skin and because suppression of contact hypersensitivity following UVR treatment is often accompanied by disappearance of Langerhans cells from the epidermis, the impact of these agents on epidermal Langerhans cell density was also analyzed. This was accomplished by enumerating IA-positive cells within the epidermis of treated skin. In these studies, crude oil alone induced inhibition of contact hypersensitivity but had no effect on epidermal Langerhans cells. In contrast, combined treatment with crude oil and UVA led to suppression of contact hypersensitivity, which was accompanied by depletion of epidermal Langerhans cells.
以往研究表明，原油会使暴露个体在接触阳光后色素沉着增加和出现红斑（晒伤）。然而，目前尚无关于接触原油是否会增强太阳紫外线辐射（UVR）对皮肤免疫抑制作用的信息。为了解决这个问题，将剃毛的雌性C3H/HeN小鼠背部皮肤暴露于原油中，随后分别用中波（UVB）（200 J/m2）或长波（UVA）（20,000 J/m2）UVR进行处理或不进行后续处理。通过测量经原油和UVR处理部位的小鼠对一种半抗原（2,4-二硝基-1-氟苯，DNGFB）产生接触性超敏反应的能力来评估处理后小鼠的免疫功能，后续再次激发时通过耳部肿胀来确定。由于朗格汉斯细胞是皮肤免疫的重要组成部分，且UVR处理后接触性超敏反应的抑制通常伴随着表皮中朗格汉斯细胞的消失，因此还分析了这些试剂对表皮朗格汉斯细胞密度的影响。这是通过计数处理后皮肤表皮内IA阳性细胞来完成的。在这些研究中，单独使用原油会抑制接触性超敏反应，但对表皮朗格汉斯细胞没有影响。相比之下，原油与UVA联合处理导致接触性超敏反应受到抑制，同时伴有表皮朗格汉斯细胞的减少。
