Fauque P, Jouannet P, Jammes H
Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France.
Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2008 Nov;36(11):1139-46. doi: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2008.08.007. Epub 2008 Oct 14.
Until the introduction of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), many studies were conducted in order to evaluate their impact upon the children's health born in such a way. The epigenetic-risk notion was invoked and a link between ART and diseases associated with imprinting alterations was suggested with different examples, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), Angelman syndrome (AS) and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). The epigenetic "life cycle" of imprinting (germline erasure, germline establishment, and somatic maintenance) concerns all the phases from gametogenesis, gamete maturation, fertilization, to early embryo development and appears particularly vulnerable to perturbations induced by superovulation, in vitro fertilization, embryo culture and embryo transfer. The studies, performed in model animal, provide a basis of the understanding of imprinting alterations induced by the ART and clinically useful information in order to improve the ART.
在辅助生殖技术（ART）出现之前，人们进行了许多研究，以评估其对通过这种方式出生的儿童健康的影响。有人提出了表观遗传风险的概念，并通过不同的例子，如贝克威思-维德曼综合征（BWS）、天使综合征（AS）和西尔弗-拉塞尔综合征（SRS），表明ART与与印记改变相关的疾病之间存在联系。印记的表观遗传“生命周期”（生殖系擦除、生殖系建立和体细胞维持）涉及从配子发生、配子成熟、受精到早期胚胎发育的所有阶段，并且似乎特别容易受到超排卵、体外受精、胚胎培养和胚胎移植所诱导的干扰。在模式动物中进行的研究为理解ART诱导的印记改变提供了基础，并为改进ART提供了临床有用信息。
