Hu Shanshan, Rieger Jens, Roth Stephan V, Gehrke Rainer, Leyrer Reinhold J, Men Yongfeng
State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, 130022 Changchun, PR China.
Langmuir. 2009 Apr 7;25(7):4230-4. doi: 10.1021/la801527y.
The structural evolution of a single-layer latex film during annealing was studied via grazing incidence ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering (GIUSAXS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The latex particles were composed of a low-Tg (-54 degrees C) core (n-butylacrylate, 30 wt %) and a high-Tg (41 degrees C) shell (t-butylacrylate, 70 wt %) and had an overall diameter of about 500 nm. GIUSAXS data indicate that the q(y) scan at q(z) = 0.27 nm(-1) (out-of-plane scan) contains information about both the structure factor and the form factor. The GIUSAXS data on latex films annealed at various temperatures ranging from room temperature to 140 degrees C indicate that the structure of the latex thin film beneath the surface changed significantly. The evolution of the out-of-plane scan plot reveals the surface reconstruction of the film. Furthermore, we also followed the time-dependent behavior of structural evolution when the latex film was annealed at a relatively low temperature (60 degrees C) where restructuring within the film can be followed that cannot be detected by AFM, which detects only surface morphology. Moreover, compared to AFM studies GIUSAXS provides averaged information covering larger areas.
通过掠入射超小角X射线散射（GIUSAXS）和原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了单层乳胶膜在退火过程中的结构演变。乳胶颗粒由低玻璃化转变温度（-54℃）的核（丙烯酸正丁酯，30 wt%）和高玻璃化转变温度（41℃）的壳（丙烯酸叔丁酯，70 wt%）组成，总直径约为500 nm。GIUSAXS数据表明，在q(z)=0.27 nm⁻¹处的q(y)扫描（面外扫描）包含有关结构因子和形状因子的信息。在从室温到140℃的各种温度下退火的乳胶膜的GIUSAXS数据表明，表面下方乳胶薄膜的结构发生了显著变化。面外扫描图的演变揭示了薄膜的表面重构。此外，当乳胶膜在相对较低的温度（60℃）下退火时，我们还跟踪了结构演变的时间依赖性行为，在该温度下可以跟踪薄膜内的重组，而这是仅检测表面形态的AFM无法检测到的。此外，与AFM研究相比，GIUSAXS提供了覆盖更大区域的平均信息。
