Mpiana P T, Mudogo V, Tshibangu D S T, Kitwa E K, Kanangila A B, Lumbu J B S, Ngbolua K N, Atibu E K, Kakule M K
Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, Université de Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Dec 8;120(3):413-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.012. Epub 2008 Sep 23.
A survey was conducted in Lubumbashi city (Democratic Republic of Congo) in order to: (a) identify medicinal plants used by traditional healers in the management of sickle cell anaemia, (b) verify their antisickling activity in vitro, (c) determine the most active plants, and (d) verify if anthocyanins are responsible of the bioactivity and study their photodegradation effect.
The Emmel test was used in vitro, for the antisickling activity assays of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of different parts of these plants when a UV lamp and solar irradiations were used to induce the photodegradation effect.
The survey revealed that 13 medicinal plants are used in the treatment of drepanocytosis among which 12 plants exhibited the in vitro antisickling activity for at least one of the used parts or extracts. These plants are Bombax pentadrum, Bougainvillea sp., Byarsocarpus orientalis, Dalberigia bochmintaub, Diplorrhynbchus condolocarpus, Euphorbia heterophylla, Ficus capensis, Harungana madagascariensis, Parinari mobola, Pothmania witfchidii, Syzygium guineense, Temnocalys verdickii and Ziziphus mucronata of which four (Bombax pentadrum, Ficus capensis, Parinari mobola and Ziziphus mucronata) revealed a high antisickling activity. The biological activity of three of these plants is due to anthocyanins. The antisickling activity and photodegradation effect of anthocyanins extracts were studied and minimal concentration of normalization determined. The biological activity of Bombax pentadrum anthocyanins decreased to half of its value after 40 min of irradiation under a lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm and after about 10h of solar irradiation. For Ziziphus mucronata and Ficus capensis, the antisickling activity decreased to half after about 6h under a lamp exposition and after about 50h of solar exposition.
In vitro Antisickling activity justifies the use of these plants by traditional healers and this activity would be due to anthocyanins. But these natural pigments are instable towards UV-Visible irradiations. The conservation of these plants should then be performed in a shield from the sun radiation.
在卢本巴希市（刚果民主共和国）开展了一项调查，以：（a）确定传统治疗师在镰状细胞贫血管理中使用的药用植物；（b）在体外验证其抗镰变活性；（c）确定最具活性的植物；（d）验证花青素是否是生物活性的原因并研究其光降解效应。
使用埃默尔试验在体外对这些植物不同部位的水提取物和乙醇提取物进行抗镰变活性测定，同时使用紫外线灯和太阳辐射诱导光降解效应。
调查显示，有13种药用植物用于治疗镰状细胞贫血，其中12种植物的至少一个使用部位或提取物在体外表现出抗镰变活性。这些植物有木棉、叶子花属植物、东方拜氏果、博氏黄檀、刚果裂果藤、异叶大戟、南非无花果、马达加斯加哈伦加那、莫博拉帕里纳木、维氏波坦木、几内亚蒲桃、特氏坦诺卡利斯和具尖枣，其中四种（木棉、南非无花果、莫博拉帕里纳木和具尖枣）显示出高抗镰变活性。其中三种植物的生物活性归因于花青素。研究了这些花青素提取物的抗镰变活性和光降解效应，并确定了归一化的最低浓度。在波长为365nm的灯下照射40分钟后以及太阳照射约10小时后，木棉花青素的生物活性降至其值的一半。对于具尖枣和南非无花果，在灯下照射约6小时后以及太阳照射约50小时后，抗镰变活性降至一半。
体外抗镰变活性证明了传统治疗师使用这些植物的合理性，并且这种活性可能归因于花青素。但这些天然色素对紫外可见辐射不稳定。因此，这些植物应在避光条件下保存。
